Abstract
Gegeneraliseerde bewegingen (gm’s) vormen het favoriete bewegingspatroon van de op de rug liggende jonge zuigeling. De gm’s zijn niet doelgericht. Het lijkt wel of het zenuwstelsel tijdens de gm’s alle anatomisch mogelijke bewegingscombinaties en -variaties uitprobeert (afb. 3.1-3.3). De complexe en variabele writhing gm’s van de a terme pasgeborene doen enigszins stoer en wringend aan. Aan het eind van de tweede postnatale maand verdwijnt het krachtpatserige en wringende karakter van de gm’s (zie tabel 2.1). De bewegingen veranderen in de continue dans van kleine en elegante fidgety beweginkjes. Dit betekent niet dat de baby alleen maar kleine bewegingen kan maken. Nee, het dansende patroon van de kleine fidgety beweginkjes vormt het basispatroon waarop met grote en snelle bewegingen gevarieerd kan worden. De overgang van writhing naar fidgety gm’s hangt sterk samen met de post-menstruele (pm) leeftijd van het kind. De overgang vindt vrijwel altijd plaats op de leeftijd van 46 tot 48 PM-weken, dat wil zeggen 6 tot 8 weken na de a terme leeftijd. Het feit dat deze transitie sterker samenhangt met de postmenstruele leeftijd dan met de postnatale leeftijd betekent dat de ontwikkeling van gm’s vooral door endogene rijpingsprocessen bepaald wordt en niet zozeer door postnatale bewegingservaring (Hadders-Algra & Prechtl, 1992a).
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Hadders-Algra, M., Dirks, T. (2000). De ontwikkeling van de grove motoriek. In: De motorische ontwikkeling van de zuigeling. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, Houten. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-7059-7_3
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