Abstract
The prognosis of infection largely depends on the immune status of the host and the existence of an etiological treatment.
Bacterial meningitides: mortality is 40–75 % in infants and older people with 50 % of neurological sequelae in survivors.
CNS aspergillosis: mortality 50–80 %.
CNS candidiasis: mortality 10–30 % in general population. Disability: 18–29 %.
CNS cryptococcosis: mortality 25–30 %. Disability: 40 %. Severity of underlying disease is the most important prognostic factor.
Cerebral and rhinocerebral mucormycosis: mortality 50–70 %. Dimorphic yeasts: mortality 20–40 %.
Cerebral malaria: mortality 20 % in general population. Residual disability in 11 % of children.
Toxoplasma encephalitis: uncommon in immunocompetent hosts. Chorioretinitis, intracranial calcification, and hydrocephalus are residual deficit in 10–30 % of newborns.
American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease): mortality <5 % if chronic. Cognitive impairment, embolic stroke, and autonomic disorders are residual deficits.
Free-living and parasitic amoebic infections: mortality >95 %.
Neurocisticercosis: mortality 15 %. Subarachnoid, intraventricular, and spinal and mixed forms carry worse prognoses than parenchymal cases.
Schistosomiasis of CNS (pseudotumoral encephalic): mortality 25 %.
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Praticò, L., Gerna, L., Minoli, L. (2015). Bacterial, Fungal, and Parasitic Infections of the Central Nervous System. In: Sghirlanzoni, A., Lauria, G., Chiapparini, L. (eds) Prognosis of Neurological Diseases. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5755-5_8
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