Skip to main content

Diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis: the Role of Endoscopy

  • Chapter
  • 1381 Accesses

Part of the book series: Updates in Surgery ((UPDATESSURG))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Panagiotakopoulos D, Panos M (2006) Endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. Ann Gastroenterol 19(1):42–54

    Google Scholar 

  2. Dignass A, Eliakim R, Magro F et al (2012) Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis part 1: definitions and diagnosis. J Crohns Colitis 2012 6(10):965–990

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Annese V, Daperno M, Rutter MD et al; European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (2013) European evidence-based consensus for endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohns Colitis 7(12):982–1018

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Standards of Practice Committee, Shergill AK, Lightdale JR, Bruining DH et al (2015) The role of endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastrointest Endosc 81(5):1101–1121

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Magro F, Gionchetti G, Eliakim R et al; European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] (2017) Third European evidence-based consensus on diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis. Part 1: definitions, diagnosis, extra-intestinal manifestations, pregnancy, cancer surveillance, surgery, and ileo-anal pouch disorders. J Crohns Colitis 11(6):649–670

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. D’Haens G, Sandborn WJ, Feagan BG et al (2007) A review of activity indices and efficacy end points for clinical trials of medical therapy in adults with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterology 132(2):763–786

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Satsangi J, Silverberg MS, Vermeire S, Colombel JF (2006) The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: controversies, consensus, and implications. Gut 55(6):749–753

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Mohammed Vashist N, Samaan M, Mosli MH et al (2018) Endoscopic scoring indices for evaluation of disease activity in ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009(1): CD011450

    Google Scholar 

  9. Baron JH, Connell AM, Lennard-Jones JE (1964) Variation between observers in describing mucosal appearances in proctocolitis. Br Med J 1(5375):89–92

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Schroeder KW, Tremaine WJ, Ilstrup DM (1987) Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. A randomized study. N Engl J Med 317(26):1625–1629

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Travis SP, Schnell D, Krzeski P et al (2012) Developing an instrument to assess the endoscopic severity of ulcerative colitis: the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS). Gut 61(4):535–542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Travis SP, Schnell D, Feagan BG et al (2015) The impact of clinical information on the assessment of endoscopic activity: characteristics of the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity [UCEIS]. J Crohns Colitis 9(8):607–616

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ikeya K, Hanai H, Sugimoto K et al (2016) The Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity more accurately reflects clinical outcomes and long-term prognosis than the Mayo Endoscopic Score. J Crohns Colitis 10(3):286–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Arai M, Naganuma M, Sugimoto S et al (2016) The Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity is useful to predict medium-to-long-term prognosis in ulcerative colitis patients with clinical remission. J Crohns Colitis 10(11):1303–1309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Samuel S, Bruining DH, Loftus EV Jr et al (2013) Validation of the Ulcerative Colitis Colonoscopic Index of Severity and its correlation with disease activity measures. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 11(1):49–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Lobatón T, Bessissow T, De Hertogh G et al (2015) The Modified Mayo Endoscopic Score (MMES): a new index for the assessment of extension and severity of endoscopic activity in ulcerative colitis patients. J Crohns Colitis 9(10):846–852

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Bálint A, Farkas K, Szepes Z et al (2018) How disease extent can be included in the endoscopic activity index of ulcerative colitis: the panMayo score, a promising scoring system. BMC Gastroenterol 18(1):7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Eaden JA, Abrams KR, Mayberry JF (2001) The risk of colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. Gut 48(4):526–535

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kiran RP, Khoury W, Church JM et al (2010) Colorectal cancer complicating inflammatory bowel disease: similarities and differences between Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis based on three decades of experience. Ann Surg 252(2):330–335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Jess T, Horváth-Puhó E, Fallingborg J et al (2013) Cancer risk in inflammatory bowel disease according to patient phenotype and treatment: a Danish population-based cohort study. Am J Gastroenterol 108(12):1869–1876

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Choi CH, Rutter MD, Askari A et al (2015) Forty-year analysis of colonoscopic surveillance program for neoplasia in ulcerative colitis: an updated overview. Am J Gastroenterol 110(7):1022–1034

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Winther KV, Jess T, Langholz E et al (2004) Long-term risk of cancer in ulcerative colitis: a population-based cohort study from Copenhagen County. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2(12):1088–1095

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Lutgens MW, Vleggaar FP, Schipper ME et al (2008) High frequency of early colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 57(9):1246–1251

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Beaugerie L, Svrcek M, Seksik P et al; CESAME Study Group (2013) Risk of colorectal high-grade dysplasia and cancer in a prospective observational cohort of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 145(1):166–175

    Google Scholar 

  25. Bergeron V, Vienne A, Sokol H et al (2010) Risk factors for neoplasia in inflammatory bowel disease patients with pancolitis. Am J Gastroenterol 105(11):2405–2411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Jørgensen KK, Lindström L, Cvancarova M et al (2012) Colorectal neoplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis undergoing liver transplantation: a Nordic multicenter study. Scand J Gastroenterol 47(8–9):1021–1029

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Befrits R, Ljung T, Jaramillo E, Rubio C (2002) Low-grade dysplasia in extensive, longstanding inflammatory bowel disease: a follow-up study. Dis Colon Rectum 45(5):615–620

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Soetikno RM, Lin OS, Heidenreich PA et al (2002) Increased risk of colorectal neoplasia in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 56(1):48–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Jess T, Loftus EV Jr, Velayos FS et al (2006) Incidence and prognosis of colorectal dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study from Olmsted County, Minnesota. Inflamm Bowel Dis 12(8):669–676

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Hlavaty T, Huorka M, Koller T et al (2011) Colorectal cancer screening in patients with ulcerative and Crohn’s colitis with use of colonoscopy, chromoendoscopy and confocal endomicroscopy. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 23(8):680–689

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Watanabe T, Ajioka Y, Mitsuyama K et al (2016) Comparison of targeted vs random biopsies for surveillance of ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Gastroenterology 151(6):1122–1130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Bojarski C (2009) Malignant transformation in inflammatory bowel disease: prevention, surveillance and treatment — new techniques in endoscopy. Dig Dis 27(4):571–575

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Goetz M (2011) Colonoscopic surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: state of the art reduction of biopsies. Dig Dis 29(Suppl 1):36–40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Rath T, Tontini GE, Neurath MF, Neumann H (2015) From the surface to the single cell: novel endoscopic approaches in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 21(40):11260–11272

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Subramanian V, Ramappa V, Telakis E et al (2013) Comparison of high definition with standard white light endoscopy for detection of dysplastic lesions during surveillance colonoscopy in patients with colonic inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 19(2):350–355

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Har-Noy O, Katz L, Avni T et al (2017) Chromoendoscopy, narrow-band imaging or white light endoscopy for neoplasia detection in inflammatory bowel diseases. Dig Dis Sci 62(11):2982–2990

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Laine L, Kaltenbach T, Barkun A et al; SCENIC Guideline Development Panel (2015) SCENIC international consensus statement on surveillance and management of dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastroenterology 148(3):639–651

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Wanders LK, Dekker E, Pullens B et al (2014) Cancer risk after resection of polypoid dysplasia in patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 12(5):756–764

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Choi CH, Ignjatovic-Wilson A, Askari A et al (2015) Low-grade dysplasia in ulcerative colitis: risk factors for developing high-grade dysplasia or colorectal cancer. Am J Gastroenterol 110(10):1461–1467

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Van Assche G, Dignass A, Bokemeyer B et al; European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (2013) Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis part 3: special situations. J Crohns Colitis 7(1):1–33

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Parker B, Buchanan J, Wordsworth S et al (2017) Surgery versus surveillance in ulcerative colitis patients with endoscopically invisible low-grade dysplasia: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 86(6):1088–1099

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. de Jong M, van Tilburg S, Nissen L et al (2018) OP036 Long-term risk of advanced neoplasia after colonic low-grade dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide cohort study. J Crohn Colitis 12 (Suppl 1):S026

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Cole EB, Shah Y, McLean LP et al (2018) Frequency of surveillance and impact of surveillance colonoscopies in patients with ulcerative colitis who developed colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 17(2):e289–e292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Shen B (2010) Diagnosis and management of postoperative ileal pouch disorders. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 23(4):259–268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Shen B (2016) The evaluation of postoperative patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 26(4):669–677

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Modha K, Navaneethan U (2014) Advanced therapeutic endoscopist and inflammatory bowel disease: dawn of a new role. World J Gastroenterol 20(13):3485–3494

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Weidenhagen R, Gruetzner KU, Wiecken T et al (2008) Endoscopic vacuum-assisted closure of anastomotic leakage following anterior resection of the rectum: a new method. Surg Endosc 22(8):1818–1825

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Gardenbroek TJ, Musters GD, Buskens CJ et al (2015) Early reconstruction of the leaking ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: a novel solution to an old problem. Colorectal Dis 17(5):426–432

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Rottoli M, Di Simone MP,·Vallicelli C et al (2018) Endoluminal vacuum-assisted therapy as treatment for anastomotic leak after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: a pilot study. Tech Coloproctol 22(3):223–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Kochhar GS, Shen B (2017) Endoscopic treatment of leak at the tip of the “J” ileal pouch. Endosc Int Open 5(1):E64–E66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Swain BT, Ellis CN (2004) Fibrin glue treatment of low rectal and pouch-anal anastomotic sinuses. Dis Colon Rectum 47(2):253–255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Lian L, Geisler D, Shen B (2010) Endoscopic needle knife treatment of chronic presacral sinus at the anastomosis at an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Endoscopy 42(Suppl 2):E14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Wu XR, Wong RC, Shen B (2013) Endoscopic needle-knife therapy for ileal pouch sinus: a novel approach for the surgical adverse event (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 78(6):875–885

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Shah NS, Remzi F, Massmann A et al (2003) Management and treatment outcome of pouch-vaginal fistulas following restorative proctocolectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 46(7):911–917

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Mallick IH, Hull TL, Remzi FH, Kiran RP (2014) Management and outcome of pouch-vaginal fistulas after IPAA surgery. Dis Colon Rectum 57(4):490–496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Shen B, Lian L, Kiran RP et al (2011) Efficacy and safety of endoscopic treatment of ileal pouch strictures. Inflamm Bowel Dis 17(12):2527–2535

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Bharadwaj S, Shen B (2017) Medical, endoscopic, and surgical management of ileal pouch strictures (with video). Gastrointest Endosc 86(1):59–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Prudhomme M, Dozois RR, Godlewski G et al (2003) Anal canal strictures after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Dis Colon Rectum 46(1):20–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Shen B, Fazio VW, Remzi FH et al (2004) Endoscopic balloon dilation of ileal pouch strictures. Am J Gastroenterol 99(12):2340–2347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Lucha PA Jr, Fticsar JE, Francis MJ (2005) The strictured anastomosis: successful treatment by corticosteroid injections — report of three cases and review of the literature. Dis Colon Rectum 48(4):862–865

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Lan N, Shen B (2017) Endoscopic stricturotomy with needle knife in the treatment of strictures from inflammatory bowel disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 23(4):502–513

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Shen B, Lashner BA (2008) Diagnosis and treatment of pouchitis. Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY) 4(5):355–361

    Google Scholar 

  63. Zezos P, Saibil F (2015) Inflammatory pouch disease: the spectrum of pouchitis. World J Gastroenterol 21(29):8739–8752

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Shen B, Plesec TP, Remer E et al (2010) Asymmetric endoscopic inflammation of the ileal pouch: a sign of ischemic pouchitis? Inflamm Bowel Dis 16(5):836–846

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Sandborn WJ, Tremaine WJ, Batts KP et al (1994) Pouchitis After Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis: A Pouchitis Disease Activity Index. Mayo Clin Proc 69(5):409–415

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Heuschen UA, Allemeyer EH, Hinz U et al (2002) Diagnosing pouchitis: comparative validation of two scoring systems in routine follow-up. Dis Colon Rectum 45(6):776–786

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Rottoli M, Vallicelli C, Bigonzi E et al (2018) Prepouch ileitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: patterns of presentation and risk factors for failure of treatment. J Crohns Colitis 12(3):273–279

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Derikx LAAP, Nissen LHC, Smits LJT et al (2016) Risk of neoplasia after colectomy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 14(6):798–806

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Mark-Christensen A, Erichsen R, Brandsborg S et al (2018) Long-term risk of cancer following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis. J Crohns Colitis 12(1):57–62

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Massimo P. Di Simone .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer-Verlag Italia

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Poggioli, G., Di Simone, M.P., Vittori, L. (2019). Diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis: the Role of Endoscopy. In: Poggioli, G. (eds) Ulcerative Colitis. Updates in Surgery. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-3977-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-3977-3_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-3976-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-3977-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics