Abstract
Storage is the key to make renewable energies become more reliable. There are many types of technologies available at the moment but none has yet claimed the dominance. For the next few decades or even a longer term, the method of storage will still very likely be a mixture of different technologies, depending on individual applications. The use of hydrogen can be one of the most interesting options worth considering. This chapter examines several different hydrogen storage technologies, from the most traditional to the more advanced, yet feasible, proposals.
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- 1.
A thermodynamic transformation is defined as polytropic when it follows the law pv constant, in which γ is the characteristic exponent (or the characteristic number) of the polytropic.
- 2.
At a given pressure, a non ideal gas has an inversion temperature above which the expansion of the gas in an isenthalpic transformation causes a temperature increase, while below such inversion temperature an expansion causes a temperature decrease.
- 3.
Coordination number means the number of molecules and ions linked to a central atom in a structure. In crystallography the term is used to indicate the number of atoms directly adjacent to a single atom in a definite crystalline structure.
- 4.
The Pauli exclusion principle states that no two identical fermions can have the same quantum numbers. A fermion is a particle that has half-integer spin and follows the Fermi-Dirac statistics. Protons, neutrons and electrons are examples of fermions.
- 5.
The Arrhenius’ law is an empirical formula that relates the rate of a chemical reaction (or, equivalently, its reaction constant) to temperature.
- 6.
α typically is around 20 K/s.
- 7.
Exceptions can exist for the adsorption exothermicity, particularly when an adsorbed molecule disassociates and obtains a high translational freedom on the adsorbent lattice.
- 8.
The Van’t Hoff’s equation is a linear expression of the variation of the equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction according to the change in temperature.
- 9.
A molecule is chiral if it does not have an internal plane of symmetry, hence does not have a super-imposable mirror image.
- 10.
The specific surface area is the total surface area per unit mass.
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Zini, G., Tartarini, P. (2012). Hydrogen Storage. In: Solar Hydrogen Energy Systems. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1998-0_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1998-0_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
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