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Tumori maligni epiteliali dell’orofaringe

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Tumori della testa e del collo

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Riassunto

L’orofaringe si estende da un piano passante per il palato duro fino a un piano passante al limite superiore dell’osso ioide. Si divide in 4 parti che corrispondono a una parete superiore, palato molle e ugula; a una parete laterale destra e una sinistra, tonsilla, loggia tonsillare, pilastri tonsillari, solco amigdaloglosso; a una parte anteriore base lingua e vallecule; a una parte posteriore mucosa e tessuti posti al davanti del piano vertebrale. Ciascuna sede e sottosede ha una storia naturale con caratteristiche peculiari di cui si deve tener conto nelle indicazioni terapeutiche. Il drenaggio linfatico è relativo alle sottosedi interessate e può coinvolgere i retrofaringei (parete posteriore), i livelli II, III, IV in prima istanza (parete laterale, parete anteriore). La tendenza a dare metastasi linfonodali varia a seconda delle sottosedi interessate e dallo stadio di malattia (Tabella 23.1). La possibilità di metastatizzazione è comunque molto elevata, in ragione della presenza di una ricca rete linfatica (anello del Waldeyer). La bilateralità della metastatizzazione dipende dalla centralità o meno della sottosede interessata (palato molle, base lingiale) o dall’omolateralità (tonsilla).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. S.C. di Radioterapia 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italia

    Patrizia Olmi

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  1. Lisa Licitra
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  2. Patrizia Olmi
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Licitra, L., Olmi, P. (2011). Tumori maligni epiteliali dell’orofaringe. In: Tumori della testa e del collo. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1806-8_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1806-8_23

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-1805-1

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