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Endocrine Manifestations of HCV-Positive Cryoglobulinemia

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HCV Infection and Cryoglobulinemia

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Abstract

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is known to be responsible for both hepatic and extrahepatic diseases. Among systemic HCV-related extrahepatic diseases (HCV-EHDs), mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) has been extensively studied. More recently, an increased prevalence of endocrine disorders has been observed in a large series of HCV-infected patients with MC. The most frequent and clinically important endocrine disorders in MC are thyroid disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). A significant association between MC and thyroid autoimmunity and hypothyroidism has been shown. A high prevalence of thyroid cancer has also been reported. Furthermore, several clinical epidemiologic studies demonstrated that MC is associated to T2D. An increasing number of studies have linked a Th1 immune response with HCV infection, MC, autoimmune thyroid disorders, and diabetes. These data suggest a common immunological Th1 pattern as the pathophysiological basis of the association.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Metabolism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa School of Medicine, Pisa, Italy

    Alessandro Antonelli, Silvia Martina Ferrari, Alda Corrado, Andrea Di Domenicantonio & Poupak Fallahi

  2. Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Medical School, Modena, Italy

    Clodoveo Ferri & Michele Colaci

Authors
  1. Alessandro Antonelli
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  2. Clodoveo Ferri
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  3. Silvia Martina Ferrari
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  4. Michele Colaci
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  5. Alda Corrado
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  6. Andrea Di Domenicantonio
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  7. Poupak Fallahi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alessandro Antonelli .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Internal Medicine and Clin, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari, 70124, Italy

    Franco Dammacco

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© 2012 Springer-Verlag Italia

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Antonelli, A. et al. (2012). Endocrine Manifestations of HCV-Positive Cryoglobulinemia. In: Dammacco, F. (eds) HCV Infection and Cryoglobulinemia. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1705-4_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1705-4_24

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-1704-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-1705-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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