Skip to main content

Imaging of Musculoskeletal Infections

  • Chapter
  • 1160 Accesses

Abstract

Evaluation of clinically suspected infection is a common imaging task, in which many factors have to be taken into consideration, such as the pathogen (bacteria, mycobacteria, fungus, or virus), the location of the suspected infection (bone, soft tissue, joint, or disc space), the age of the patient (infant, child, adult), the time course of the infection (acute, subacute, chronic), and whether there are any underlying complicating factors (e.g., infarct or other bone disease, joint replacement in the area of clinical concern, or diabetic arthropathy). Radiography, computed tomography (CT), sonography, scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) all have roles and varying usefulness in the imaging evaluation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Kothari NA, Pelchovitz DJ, Meyer JS (2001) Imaging of musculoskeletal infections. Radiol Clin North Am 39:653–671

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Capitanio MA, Kirkpatrick JA (1970) Early roentgen observations in acute osteomyelitis. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med l08:488–496

    Google Scholar 

  3. Pineda C, Vargas A, Rodriguez AV (2006) Imaging of osteomyelitis: current concepts. Infect Dis Clin North Am 20:789–825

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Craig JG, Amin MB, Wu K et al (1997) Osteomyelitis of the diabetic foot: MR imaging-pathologic correlation. Radiology 203:849–855

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Palestro CJ, Love C, Miller TT (2007) Diagnostic imaging tests and microbial infections. Cell Microbiol 9:2323–2333

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Fayad LM, Carrino JA, Fishman EK (2007) Musculoskeletal infection: role of CT in the emergency department. Radiographics 27:1723–1736

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Riebel TW, Nasir R, Nazarenko O (1996) The value of sonography in the detection of osteomyelitis. Pediatr Radiol 26:291–297

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Chao HC, Lin SJ, Huang YC, Lin TY (1999) Color Doppler ultrasonographic evaluation of osteomyelitis in children. J Ultrasound Med 18:729–734

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Yao DC, Sartoris DJ (1995) Musculoskeletal tuberculosis. Radiol Clin North Am 33:679–689

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Soler R, Rodriguez E, Remuinan C, Santos M (2001) MRI of musculoskeletal extraspinal tuberculosis. J Comput Assist Tomogr 25:177–183

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Schmit P, Glorion C (2004) Osteomyelitis in infants and children. Eur Radiol 14(Suppl 4):L44–L54

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Demharter J, Bohndorf K, Michl W, Vogt H (1997) Chronic recurrent osteomyelitis: a radiological and clinical investigation of five cases. Skeletel Radiol 26:579–588

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Jurik AG (2004) Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 8:243–53

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Saigal G, Azouz EM, Abdenour G (2004) Imaging of osteomyelitis with special reference to children. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 8:255–265

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Williams RL, Fukui MB, Meitzer CC et al (1999) Fungal spinal osteomyelitis in the immunocompromised patient: MR findings in three cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 20:381–385

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Mellado JM, Perez del Palomar L, Camins A et al (2004) MR imaging of spinal infection: atypical features, interpretive pitfalls and potential mimickers. Eur Radiol 14:1980–1989

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Stumpe KD, Zanetti M, Weishaupt D et al (2002) FDG positron emission tomography for differentiation of degenerative and infectious endplate abnormalities in the lumbar spine detected on MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 179:1151–1157

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Dinh MT, Abad CL, Safdar N (2008) Diagnostic accuracy of the physical examination and imaging tests for osteomyelitis underlying diabetic foot ulcers: meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 47:519–527

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Tan PL, Teh J (2007) MRI of the diabetic foot: differentiation of infection from neuropathic change. Br J Radiol 80:939–948

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Russell JM, Peterson JJ, Bancroft LW (2008) MR imaging of the diabetic foot. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 16:59–70

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Morrison WB, Schweitzer ME, Batte WG et al (1998) Osteomyelitis of the foot: relative importance of primary and secondary MR imaging signs. Radiology 207:625–632

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Lederman HP, Morrison WB, Schweitzer ME (2002) MR image of analysis of pedal osteomyelitis: distribution, patterns of spread, and frequency of associated ulceration and septic arthritis. Radiology 223:747–755

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Zawin JK, Hoffer FA, Rand FF et al (1993) Joint effusion in children with an irritable hip: US diagnosis and aspiration. Radiology 187:459–463

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Karchevsky M, Schweitzer ME, Morrison WB, Parellada JA (2004) MRI findings of septic arthritis and associated osteomyelitis in adults. AJR Am J Roentgenol 182:119–122

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Strouse PJ, Di Pietro MA, Adler RS (1998) Pediatric hip effusions: evaluation with power Doppler sonography. Radiology 206:731–735

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Hong SH, Kim SM, Ahn JM et al (2001) Tuberculous versus pyogenic arthritis: MR imaging evaluation. Radiology 218:848–853

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Mumme T, Reinartz P, Alfer J et al (2005) Diagnostic values of positron emission tomography versus triple-phase bone scan in hip arthroplasty loosening. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 125:322–329

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhuang H, Chacko TK, Hickeson M et al (2002) Persistent non-specific FDG uptake on PET imaging following hip arthroplasty. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 29:1328–1333

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Van Holsbeeck MT, Eyler WR, Sherman LS et al (1994) Detection of infection in loosened hip prostheses: efficacy of sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 163:381–384

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Weybright PN, Jacobson JA, Murry KH et al (2003) Limited effectiveness of sonography in revealing hip joint effusion: preliminary results in 21 adult patients with native and post-operative hips. AJR Am J Roentgenol 181:215–218

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Potter HG, Foo LF (2006) Magnetic resonance imaging of joint arthroplasty. Orthop Clin North Am 37:361–373

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Cahir JG, Toms AP, Marshall TJ et al (2007) CT and MRI of hip arthroplasty. Clin Radiol 62:1163–1171

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Italia

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Miller, T.T., Schweitzer, M.E. (2009). Imaging of Musculoskeletal Infections. In: Hodler, J., Zollikofer, C.L., Von Schulthess, G.K. (eds) Musculoskeletal Diseases 2009–2012. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1378-0_24

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1378-0_24

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-1377-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-1378-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics