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Il trapianto polmonare rappresenta l’unica procedura salvavita per una varietà di patologie polmonari in fase avanzata. Dall’inizio degli anni ’90, nel mondo sono stati effettuati oltre 6400 trapianti polmonari. La sperimentazione su animali risale agli anni ’40–’50 con alcuni studi particolarmente interessanti di Demikhov e Metras che dimostrarono la fattibilità del trapianto. Hardy nel 1963 effettuò il primo trapianto polmonare singolo su un uomo che sopravvisse per 18 giorni. Dal 1963 al 1978 furono compiuti numerosi tentativi di trapianto che tuttavia fallirono per complicanze delle anastomosi bronchiali o per rigetto. Negli anni ’80, l’introduzione della ciclosporina A, un potente immunosoppressivo, il miglioramento delle tecniche di preservazione e delle anastomosi bronchiali si risvegliò l’interesse per il trapianto polmonare. A Stanford nel 1981 fu effettuato il primo trapianto cuore-polmoni per ipertensione polmonare primitiva e Joel Cooper nel 1989 a Toronto, effettuò i primi trapianti singoli per fibrosi polmonare coronati da successo.

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© 2006 Springer-Verlag Italia

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de Giacomo, T. (2006). Il trapianto polmonare. In: Malattie dell’apparato respiratorio. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0467-2_33

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-0467-2_33

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0466-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0467-2

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