Abstract
Quality of life is largely dependent on the availability of adequate safe drinking water and proper sanitation. Till the end of the twentieth century, availability of these two facilities in rural areas of India was miserable. The Rural Sanitation Programme (RSP), in particular, was never a priority in India. Until 1986, the RSP was looked after by the Urban Development Department. In that year, the program was entrusted with the responsibility of the Rural Development Department when the Central Rural Sanitation Programme (CRSP) was launched by the Government of India.
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Acknowledgments
(a) UNICEF office for Tamil Nadu, India; (b) India NGO, Chennai, Tamil Nadu; (c) Panchayat and Rural Development Department, Government of West Bengal
References
Guidelines issued by the Government of India on “Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan”:
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(a)
Study conducted by the Women Coordinating Council, Kolkata on implementation of CRSP for the PHED, Government of West Bengal.
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(b)
Online progress report of the TSC and NBA as reflected in the website maintained by the Ministry of Drinking Water Supply, Government of India.
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(c)
Census 1991, 2001 and 2011 data published by the Registrar General of Census, Government of India.
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(d)
Study conducted by the TARU on status of Nirmal Gram Puraskar awarded GPs in India on behalf of UNICEF, India.
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(e)
Study conducted by the author on status of Nirmal Gram Puraskar awarded GPs in Tamil Nadu. Photographs attached were taken in NGP awarded GPs of Tamil Nadu.
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Sengupta, C. (2017). Nirmal Grams: Problems and Prospects. In: Nath, K., Sharma, V. (eds) Water and Sanitation in the New Millennium. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3745-7_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3745-7_3
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Online ISBN: 978-81-322-3745-7
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