Abstract
Secondary metabolites are those compounds which are produced by certain microorganisms in a phase of subsequent to growth, may have some survival function, have unusual chemical structures, and are formed as mixtures of closely related members of a chemical family. This chapter deals with the plant secondary metabolites and their application in rumen biology.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Agarwal N, Kamra ND, Chaudhary LC et al (2006) Effect of Sapindus mukorossi extracts on in vitro methanogenesis and fermentation characteristics in buffalo rumen liquor. J Appl Anim Res 30(1):1–4
Beauchemin KA, McGinn S (2006) Methane emissions from beef cattle: effects of fumaric acid essential oil and canola oil. J Anim Sci 84:1489–1592
Bhatta R, Uyeno Y, Tajima K et al (2009) Difference in the nature of tannins on in vitro ruminal methane and volatile fatty acid production and on methanogenic archaea and protozoal populations. J Dairy Sci 92:5512–5522
Bodas R, Prietoa N, GarcĂa-GonzĂ¡lez R et al (2012) Manipulation of rumen fermentation and methane production with plant secondary metabolites. Anim Feed Sci Technol 176:78–93
Bourgaud F, Gravot A, Milesi S et al (2001) Production of plant secondary metabolites: a historical perspective. Plant Sci 161(5):839–851
Bruneton J (1999) Pharmacognosy phytochemistry medicinal plants, 2nd edn. Intercept Ltd, London
CalabrĂ² S, Guglielmelli A, Iannaccone F et al (2012) Fermentation kinetics of Sainfoin hay with and without PEG. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 96(5):842–849
Crozier A, Jaganath IB, Clifford MN (2006) Phenols polyphenols and tannins: an overview. In: Crozier A, Clifford MN, Ashihara H (eds) Plant secondary metabolites occurrence structure and role in the human diet. Blackwell, Chennai, pp 1–17
Estell RE (2010) Coping with shrub secondary metabolites by ruminants. Small Rumin Res 94(1–3):1–9
Ferme D, Banjac M, Calsamiglia S (2004) The effects of plant extracts on microbial community structure in a rumen-simulating continuous-culture system as revealed by molecular profiling. Folia Microbiol 49:151–155
Grassmann J (2005) Terpenoids as plant antioxidants. Vitam Horm 72:505–535
Guglielmelli A, CalabrĂ² S, Primi R et al (2011) In vitro fermentation patterns and methane production of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop) hay with different condensed tannin contents. Grass Forage Sci 66:488–500
Hess HD, Beuret RA, Lötscher M et al (2004) Ruminal fermentation methanogenesis and nitrogen utilization of sheep receiving tropical grass hay-concentrate diets offered with Sapindus saponaria fruits and Cratylia argentea foliage. Anim Sci 79:177–189
Hobson PN (1969) Rumen bacteria. In: Norris JR, Ribbons DW (eds) Methods in microbiology, vol 3B. Academic, London, pp 133–149
Jones WP, Douglas K (2005) A extraction of plant secondary metabolites. In: Sarker SD, Zahid L, Gray AI (eds) Natural products isolation, vol 20. Humana Press, Totowa, pp 323–351
Kamra DN, Singh R, Agarwal N et al (2000) Soapnut (Reetha) as natural defaunating agent – its effect on rumen fermentation and in sacco degradability of jowar hay in buffaloes. Buffalo J 16:99–104
Kamra ND, Agarwal N, Chaudhary LC (2006) Inhibition of ruminal methanogenesis by tropical plants containing secondary compounds. Int Congr Ser 1293:156–163
Makkar HPS, Becker K, Sidhuraju P (2007) Plant secondary metabolites methods in molecular biology. Humana Press, Totowa, p 129
Mathieu F, Jouany JP, Senaud J (1996) The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus oryzae on fermentation in the rumen of faunated and defaunated sheep: protozoal and probiotic interaction. Reprod Nutr Dev 36:271–287
McSweeney C, Palmer B, Bunch R et al (2001) Effect of the tropical forage calliandra on microbial protein synthesis and ecology in the rumen. J Appl Microbiol 90:78–88
Molero R, Ibara M, Calsamiglia S et al (2004) Effects of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on dry matter and crude protein degradability in heifers fed diets with different forage to concentrate ratios. Anim Feed Sci Technol 114:91–104
Newbold CJ, El Hassan SM, Wang J et al (1997) Influence of foliage from African multipurpose trees on activity of rumen protozoa and bacteria. Br J Nutr 78:237–249
Newbold CJ, McIntosh M, Williams P (2004) Effects of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on rumen fermentation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 114:105–112
Patra AK (2004) Studies on inhibition of ciliate protozoa and stimulation of fibre degrading microbes in the rumen of buffalo by plant secondary metabolites. PhD thesis, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, pp 1–234
Patra AK, Saxena J (2009) A review of the effect and mode of action of saponins on microbial population and fermentation in the rumen and ruminant production. Nutr Res Rev 22:204–219
Patra AK, Kamra DN, Agarwal N (2006) Effect of plant extracts on in vitro methanogenesis enzyme activities and fermentation of feed in rumen liquor of buffalo. Anim Feed Sci Technol 128(3–4):276–291
Roth S, SteingaĂŸ H, Drochner H (2001) Reducing methane emission and optimization of N-supply in ruminants by treating feeds with tannins. http://www.uni-hohenheimde/i3ve/00068900/28171041htm
Santra A, Karim SA (2003) Rumen manipulation to improve animal productivity. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 16(5):748–763
Silvia AT, Wallace RJ, Ă˜rskov ER (1987) Use of particle bound microbial activity to predict the rate and extent of fibre degradation in the rumen. Br J Nutr 57:407–415
Spanghero M, Zanfi C, Fabbro E et al (2008) Effects of a blend of essential oils on some end products of in vitro rumen fermentation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 145:364–374
Thalib A, Widiawati Y, Hamid H et al (1996) The effects of saponins from Sapindus rarak fruit on rumen microbes and performance of sheep. J Ilmu Ternak Vet 2:17–21
Ushida K, Tanaka H, Kjima Y (1989) Effect of phenolic acids on gas and volatile fatty acid production by mixed rumen population with or without protozoa. Jpn J Zootech Sci 60:1135–1142
Wallace RJ, McEwan NR, McIntosh FM (2002) Natural products as manipulators of rumen fermentation. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 15:1458–1468
Wallace RJ, Arthaud L, Newbold CJ (1994) Influence of Yucca schidigera extract on ruminal ammonia concentration and ruminal micro-organisms. Appl Environ Microbiol 60:1762–1767
Wang Y, McAllister TA, Newbold CJ et al (1998) Effect of Yucca schidigera extract on fermentation and degradation of steroidal saponins in the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). Anim Feed Sci Technol 74:143–153
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer India
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
CalabrĂ², S. (2015). Plant Secondary Metabolites. In: Puniya, A., Singh, R., Kamra, D. (eds) Rumen Microbiology: From Evolution to Revolution. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2401-3_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2401-3_11
Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-2400-6
Online ISBN: 978-81-322-2401-3
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)