Skip to main content

Abstract

Secondary metabolites are those compounds which are produced by certain microorganisms in a phase of subsequent to growth, may have some survival function, have unusual chemical structures, and are formed as mixtures of closely related members of a chemical family. This chapter deals with the plant secondary metabolites and their application in rumen biology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Agarwal N, Kamra ND, Chaudhary LC et al (2006) Effect of Sapindus mukorossi extracts on in vitro methanogenesis and fermentation characteristics in buffalo rumen liquor. J Appl Anim Res 30(1):1–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Beauchemin KA, McGinn S (2006) Methane emissions from beef cattle: effects of fumaric acid essential oil and canola oil. J Anim Sci 84:1489–1592

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bhatta R, Uyeno Y, Tajima K et al (2009) Difference in the nature of tannins on in vitro ruminal methane and volatile fatty acid production and on methanogenic archaea and protozoal populations. J Dairy Sci 92:5512–5522

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bodas R, Prietoa N, GarcĂ­a-GonzĂ¡lez R et al (2012) Manipulation of rumen fermentation and methane production with plant secondary metabolites. Anim Feed Sci Technol 176:78–93

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bourgaud F, Gravot A, Milesi S et al (2001) Production of plant secondary metabolites: a historical perspective. Plant Sci 161(5):839–851

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruneton J (1999) Pharmacognosy phytochemistry medicinal plants, 2nd edn. Intercept Ltd, London

    Google Scholar 

  • CalabrĂ² S, Guglielmelli A, Iannaccone F et al (2012) Fermentation kinetics of Sainfoin hay with and without PEG. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 96(5):842–849

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crozier A, Jaganath IB, Clifford MN (2006) Phenols polyphenols and tannins: an overview. In: Crozier A, Clifford MN, Ashihara H (eds) Plant secondary metabolites occurrence structure and role in the human diet. Blackwell, Chennai, pp 1–17

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Estell RE (2010) Coping with shrub secondary metabolites by ruminants. Small Rumin Res 94(1–3):1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferme D, Banjac M, Calsamiglia S (2004) The effects of plant extracts on microbial community structure in a rumen-simulating continuous-culture system as revealed by molecular profiling. Folia Microbiol 49:151–155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grassmann J (2005) Terpenoids as plant antioxidants. Vitam Horm 72:505–535

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guglielmelli A, CalabrĂ² S, Primi R et al (2011) In vitro fermentation patterns and methane production of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop) hay with different condensed tannin contents. Grass Forage Sci 66:488–500

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hess HD, Beuret RA, Lötscher M et al (2004) Ruminal fermentation methanogenesis and nitrogen utilization of sheep receiving tropical grass hay-concentrate diets offered with Sapindus saponaria fruits and Cratylia argentea foliage. Anim Sci 79:177–189

    Google Scholar 

  • Hobson PN (1969) Rumen bacteria. In: Norris JR, Ribbons DW (eds) Methods in microbiology, vol 3B. Academic, London, pp 133–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones WP, Douglas K (2005) A extraction of plant secondary metabolites. In: Sarker SD, Zahid L, Gray AI (eds) Natural products isolation, vol 20. Humana Press, Totowa, pp 323–351

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamra DN, Singh R, Agarwal N et al (2000) Soapnut (Reetha) as natural defaunating agent – its effect on rumen fermentation and in sacco degradability of jowar hay in buffaloes. Buffalo J 16:99–104

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamra ND, Agarwal N, Chaudhary LC (2006) Inhibition of ruminal methanogenesis by tropical plants containing secondary compounds. Int Congr Ser 1293:156–163

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Makkar HPS, Becker K, Sidhuraju P (2007) Plant secondary metabolites methods in molecular biology. Humana Press, Totowa, p 129

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Mathieu F, Jouany JP, Senaud J (1996) The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus oryzae on fermentation in the rumen of faunated and defaunated sheep: protozoal and probiotic interaction. Reprod Nutr Dev 36:271–287

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McSweeney C, Palmer B, Bunch R et al (2001) Effect of the tropical forage calliandra on microbial protein synthesis and ecology in the rumen. J Appl Microbiol 90:78–88

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Molero R, Ibara M, Calsamiglia S et al (2004) Effects of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on dry matter and crude protein degradability in heifers fed diets with different forage to concentrate ratios. Anim Feed Sci Technol 114:91–104

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Newbold CJ, El Hassan SM, Wang J et al (1997) Influence of foliage from African multipurpose trees on activity of rumen protozoa and bacteria. Br J Nutr 78:237–249

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Newbold CJ, McIntosh M, Williams P (2004) Effects of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on rumen fermentation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 114:105–112

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patra AK (2004) Studies on inhibition of ciliate protozoa and stimulation of fibre degrading microbes in the rumen of buffalo by plant secondary metabolites. PhD thesis, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, pp 1–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Patra AK, Saxena J (2009) A review of the effect and mode of action of saponins on microbial population and fermentation in the rumen and ruminant production. Nutr Res Rev 22:204–219

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patra AK, Kamra DN, Agarwal N (2006) Effect of plant extracts on in vitro methanogenesis enzyme activities and fermentation of feed in rumen liquor of buffalo. Anim Feed Sci Technol 128(3–4):276–291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roth S, SteingaĂŸ H, Drochner H (2001) Reducing methane emission and optimization of N-supply in ruminants by treating feeds with tannins. http://www.uni-hohenheimde/i3ve/00068900/28171041htm

  • Santra A, Karim SA (2003) Rumen manipulation to improve animal productivity. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 16(5):748–763

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silvia AT, Wallace RJ, Ă˜rskov ER (1987) Use of particle bound microbial activity to predict the rate and extent of fibre degradation in the rumen. Br J Nutr 57:407–415

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spanghero M, Zanfi C, Fabbro E et al (2008) Effects of a blend of essential oils on some end products of in vitro rumen fermentation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 145:364–374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thalib A, Widiawati Y, Hamid H et al (1996) The effects of saponins from Sapindus rarak fruit on rumen microbes and performance of sheep. J Ilmu Ternak Vet 2:17–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Ushida K, Tanaka H, Kjima Y (1989) Effect of phenolic acids on gas and volatile fatty acid production by mixed rumen population with or without protozoa. Jpn J Zootech Sci 60:1135–1142

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace RJ, McEwan NR, McIntosh FM (2002) Natural products as manipulators of rumen fermentation. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 15:1458–1468

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace RJ, Arthaud L, Newbold CJ (1994) Influence of Yucca schidigera extract on ruminal ammonia concentration and ruminal micro-organisms. Appl Environ Microbiol 60:1762–1767

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, McAllister TA, Newbold CJ et al (1998) Effect of Yucca schidigera extract on fermentation and degradation of steroidal saponins in the rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC). Anim Feed Sci Technol 74:143–153

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Serena CalabrĂ² .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer India

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

CalabrĂ², S. (2015). Plant Secondary Metabolites. In: Puniya, A., Singh, R., Kamra, D. (eds) Rumen Microbiology: From Evolution to Revolution. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2401-3_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics