Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the scapula, clavicle, and shoulder are relatively rare (McClure and Raney 1975; Williams 2003) but when present can affect the range of motion of the shoulder and alter its contour. The more common anomalies of the scapula include abnormalities in the position, mobility, size, and shape of the scapula and its processes; agenesis and duplication are exceedingly rare. Anomalies of the clavicle include a short clavicle, partial failure of formation, and pseudarthrosis (Beals 2000; Currarino and Herring 2009; Fairbank 1949); a pseudarthrosis can be mistaken for a birth fracture of the clavicle. Abnormalities of muscles include contractures and aplasia; contractures of muscles of the shoulder that result in deformities and limitation of motion are relatively common (Axt et al. 1997).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Al-Qattan MM, Al Thunayan A. The middle phalanx in Poland syndrome. Ann Plast Surg. 2005;54:160–4.
Axt MW, Niethard FU, Doderlein L, et al. Principles of treatment of the upper extremity in arthrogryposis multiplex congenita type I. J Pediatr Orthop B. 1997;6:179–85.
Beals RK. The short clavicle syndrome. J Pediatr Orthop. 2000;20:389–91.
Bennett JB, Hansen PE, Granberry WM, et al. Surgical management of arthrogryposis in the upper extremity. J Pediatr Orthop. 1985;5:281–6.
Bhagat S, Bansal M, Sharma H, et al. A rare case of progressive bilateral congenital abduction contracture with shoulder dislocations treated with proximal deltoid release. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2008;128:293–6.
Cavendish ME. Congenital elevation of the scapula. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1972;54:395–408.
Chari PR, Rao YV, Rao BK. Congenital abduction contracture with dislocation of the shoulder in children: report of two cases. Aust N Z J Surg. 1979;49:105–6.
Currarino G, Herring JA. Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle. Pediatr Radiol. 2009;39:1343–9.
Fairbank HA. Cranio-cleido-dysostosis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1949;31B:608–17, illust.
Grogan DP, Stanley EA, Bobechko WP. The congenital undescended scapula. Surgical correction by the woodward procedure. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1983;65:598–605.
Lloyd-Roberts GC, Apley AG, Owen R. Reflections upon the aetiology of congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle. With a note on cranio-cleido dysostosis. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1975;57:24–9.
McClure JG, Raney RB. Anomalies of the scapula. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1975;(110):22–31.
Mikawa Y, Watanabe R, Yamano Y. Omoclavicular bar in congenital elevation of the scapula. A new finding. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1991;16:376–7.
Mooney JF, Koman LA. Bilateral congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle associated with trisomy 22. Orthopedics. 1991;14:171–3.
Natasha G, Ghai R, Shah D, et al. Campomelic dysplasia: prenatal diagnosis by ultrasound. Skeletal Radiol. 2006;35:699–701.
Sales de Gauzy J, Baunin C, Puget C, et al. Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle and thoracic outlet syndrome in adolescence. J Pediatr Orthop B. 1999;8:299–301.
Watson HI, Hopper GP, Kovacs P. Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle causing thoracic outlet syndrome. BMJ Case Rep. 2013;2013.
Williams MS. Developmental anomalies of the scapula-the “omo”st forgotten bone. Am J Med Genet A. 2003;120A:583–7.
Williams PF. Management of upper limb problems in arthrogryposis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1985;(194):60–7.
Zlotolow DA, Kozin SH. Posterior elbow release and humeral osteotomy for patients with arthrogryposis. J Hand Surg Am. 2012;37:1078–82.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer India
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Joseph, B. (2015). The Deformed Shoulder Girdle. In: Paediatric Orthopaedic Diagnosis. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2392-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2392-4_7
Publisher Name: Springer, New Delhi
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-2391-7
Online ISBN: 978-81-322-2392-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)