Skip to main content
  • 1879 Accesses

Abstract

All forms of life contain molybdenum enzymes, which are involved in global cycling of C, S and N. Molybdenum (Mo) is taken up by plants as molybdate (MoO4 2−), which is then used for synthesis of pterin-based Mo cofactor (Moco). All Mo enzymes are activated by Moco except nitrogenase. The Moco-containing enzymes found so far in plants consist of (1) nitrate reductase, NR; (2) sulphite oxidase, SO; (3) xanthine dehydrogenase, XDH; and (4) aldehyde oxidase. A member of group 5 sulphate transporter, Sultr 5;2 is probably an intracellular transporter involved in Mo metabolism in Arabidopsis and is named as MOT1. MOT1 is specific for Mo and allows plant to take up Mo from the scarce resource of Mo in soil.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • AICRPM (1981) Annual report, 1981 of all India coordinated research project on micro and secondary nutrients. Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal

    Google Scholar 

  • Aravind L, Koonin EV (2000) The STAS domain: a link between anion transporters and antisigma-factor antagonists. Curr Biol 10:53–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Basu P, Burgmayer SJN (2011) Pterin chemistry and its relationship to the molybdenum cofactor. Coord Chem Rev 255(9–10):1016–1038

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baxter I, Muthukumar B, Park HC, Buchner P, Lahner B, Danku J, Zhao K, Lee J, Hawkesford MJ, Guerinot ML et al (2008) Variation in molybdenum content across broadly distributed populations of Arabidopsis thaliana is controlled by a mitochondrial molybdenum transporter (MOT1). PLoS Genet 4:1–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bittner F, Oreb M, Mendel RR (2001) ABA3 is a molybdenum cofactor sulfurase required for activation of aldehyde oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem 276:40381–40384

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duval S, Danyal K, Shaw S, Lytle AK, Dean DR, Hoffmab BM, Antony E, Seefeldt C (2013) Electron transfer precedes ATP hydrolysis during nitrogenase catalysis. PNAS 110(41):16414–16419

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta UC (1997) Symptoms of molybdenum deficiency and toxicity in crops. In: Gupta UC (ed) Molybdenum in agriculture. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 160–170

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Havlin JL, Tisdale SL, Beaton JD, Nelson WL (2007) Soil fertility and fertilisers. Prentice Hall (India), New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkesford MJ (2003) Transporter gene families in plants: the sulphate transporter gene family-redundancy or specialization? Physiol Plant 117:155–165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heuwinkel H, Kirkby EA, Le Bot J, Marschner H (1992) Phosphorus deficiency enhances molybdenum uptake by tomato plants. J Plant Nutr 15:549–568

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huergo L, Pedrosa FO, Muller-Santos M, Chubatsu LS, Monteiro RA, Merrick M, Souza EM (2012) PII signal transduction proteins: pivotal players in post-translational control of nitrogenase activity. Microbiology 158(1):176–190

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ibdah M, Chen YT, Wilkerson CG, Pichersky E (2009) An aldehyde oxidase in developing seeds of Arabidopsis converts benzaldehyde to benzoic acid. Plant Physiol 150:416–423

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ide Y, Kusano M, Oikawa A, Fukushima A, Tomatsu H, Saito K, Hirai MY, Fujiwara T (2010) Effects of molybdenum deficiency and defects in molybdate transporter MOT1 on transcript accumulation and nitrogen/sulphur metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Exp Bot 62(4):1483–1499

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kannan S, Ramani S (1978) Studies on molybdenum absorption and transport in bean and rice. Plant Physiol 62(2):179–181

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kataoka T, Hayashi N, Yamaya T, Takahashi H (2004) Root-to-shoot transport of sulfate in Arabidopsis: evidence for the role of SULTR3;5 as a component of low-affinity sulfate transport system in the root vasculature. Plant Physiol 136:4198–4204

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kruse T, Gehl C, Geisler M, Lehrke M, Ringel P, Hallier S, Hänsch R, Mendel RR (2010) Identification and biochemical characterization of molybdenum cofactor-binding proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem 285:6623–6635

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mendel RR, Hansch R (2002) Molybdo enzymes and molybdenum cofactor in plants. J Exp Bot 53(375):1689–1698

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nakagawa A, Sakamoto S, Takahashi M, Morikawa H, Sakamoto A (2007) The RNAi-mediated silencing of xanthine dehydrogenase impairs growth and fertility and accelerates leaf senescence in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Plant Cell Physiol 48:1484–1495

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rees DC, Tezcan FA, Haynes CA, Walton MY, Andrade S, Einsle O, Howard B (2005) Structural basis of biological nitrogen fixation. Phil Trans R Soc A 363(1829):971–984

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz G, Mendel RR (2006) Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis and molybdenum enzymes. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 57:623–647

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarz G, Schulze J, Bittner F, Eilers T, Kuper J, Bollmann G, Nelich A, Brinkmann H, Mendel RR (2000) The Molybdenum cofactor biosynthetic protein Cnx1 complements molybdate-repairable mutants, transfers molybdenum to the metal binding pterin and is associated with cytoskeleton. Plant Cell 12(12):2455–2471

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seefeldt LC, Hoffman BM, Dean DR (2009) Mechanism of Mo-dependent nitrogenase. Annu Rev Biochem 78:701–722

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shibagaki N, Grossman AR (2004) Probing the function of STAS domains of the Arabidopsis sulfate transporters. J Biol Chem 279:30791–30799

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shinmachi F, Buchner P, Stroud JL, Parmar S, Zhao F-J, McGrath SP, Hawkesford MJ (2010) Influence of sulfur deficiency on the expression of specific sulfate transporters and the distribution of sulfur, selenium, and molybdenum in wheat. Plant Physiol 153(1):327–336

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stefanovic A, Ribot C, Rouached H, Wang Y, Chong J, Belbahri L, Delessert S, Poirier Y (2007) Members of the PHO1 gene family show limited functional redundancy in phosphate transfer to the shoot, and are regulated by phosphate deficiency via distinct pathways. Plant J 50:982–994

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tomatsu H, Takano J, Takahashi H, Watanabe-Takahashi A, Shibagaki N, Fujiwara T (2007) An Arabidopsis thaliana high-affinity molybdate transporter required for efficient uptake of molybdate from soil. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:18807–18812

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vieira RF, Paula TJ, Pires AA, Carneiro JES, da Rocha GS (2011) Common bean seed complements molybdenum uptake by plants from soil. Agron J 103(6):1843–1848

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer India

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mitra, G.N. (2015). Molybdenum (Mo) Uptake. In: Regulation of Nutrient Uptake by Plants. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2334-4_15

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics