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Micropropagation of Plants

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Plant Biology and Biotechnology

Abstract

Micropropagation is a rapid multiplication of a selected plant using in vitro culture techniques. In this chapter various aspects of micropropagation have been discussed. The propagation of selected plant through micropropagation would be useful for raising plantation using apical and nodal segment. They are best for micropropagation and mostly result in true to type plants. These segments upon the subsequent subcultures result in a number of multiple shoots. These multiple shoots on elongation allowed to root in vitro. After rooting, they are in vitro hardened and transferred to field. The potential of plant tissue culture is well recognized, as it increases agricultural production and generates rural employment. But the high cost of production on micropropagation is a major bottleneck. Low-cost protocol development can popularize this method. High multiplication rate, use of low-cost chemicals, high rooting and survival percentage, and use of ex vitro rooting method can minimize the expense of any protocol. Presently, both the developing and the developed countries require low-cost technologies to progressively reduce the cost of production. The performance of tissue plants generally better than cutting and seedling. Initially, some morphological changes occur in micropropagated plant, but in the course of time, they minimize. Somaclonal variation caused during callus cultures can be used to generate variants for hybridization. Variation in phenotype of plants produced in tissue culture can be characterized as either temporary or permanent. Temporary variation includes increased branching, greater susceptibility to disease, and lack of uniform response. Micropropagated plants need to be monitored to get long-term data for its growth, survival, yield, and disease attach under field condition as very limited information is available for many plants. In this chapter micropropagation of commercially important plants like Jatropha curcas, Eucalyptus, banana, and bamboo has been discussed.

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Acknowledgment

CSIR-CSMCRI Communication No. 054/2014 (as provided by BDIM). The author gratefully acknowledges the financial support from Ministry of New Renewable Energy (MNRE) and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Discipline of Wasteland Research, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, 364 002, India

    Aneesha Singh

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  1. Aneesha Singh
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Correspondence to Aneesha Singh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sri Biotech Laboratories India Limited, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Bir Bahadur

  2. Department of Genetics, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Manchikatla Venkat Rajam

  3. Division of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    Leela Sahijram

  4. Center for Pharmaceutics, Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Trans-Disciplinary Health Science and Technology (IHST), Bangalore, Karnataka, India

    K. V. Krishnamurthy

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Singh, A. (2015). Micropropagation of Plants. In: Bahadur, B., Venkat Rajam, M., Sahijram, L., Krishnamurthy, K. (eds) Plant Biology and Biotechnology. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2283-5_16

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