Abstract
Species represent a fundamental unit in evolutionary biology and provide a valuable context for organizing, evaluating, and communicating important biological concepts and principles. Empirical species delimitation is a dynamic discipline, with ongoing methodological and bioinformatical developments. Novel analytical methods, increasing availability of genetic/genomic data, increasing computational power, reassessments of morphological and chemical characters, and improved availability of distributional and ecological records offer exciting avenues for empirically exploring species delimitation and evolutionary relationships among species-level lineages. In this chapter, we aim to contribute a contemporary perspective on delimiting species, including a brief discussion on species concepts and practical direction for empirical species delimitation studies. Using lichen-forming fungi as an example, we illustrate the importance and difficulties in documenting and describing species-level biodiversity.
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Acknowledgments
We are indebted to various colleagues for valuable, thought-provoking discussion, notably Matthew Nelsen (University of Chicago), Ana Crespo (Universidad Complutense de Madrid), Pradeep Divakar (Universidad Complutense de Madrid), Beckett Sterner (The Field Museum), and Joyce Havstad (The Field Museum). We also thank anonymous reviewers who provided valuable comments that improved this chapter. Support by the US National Science Foundation is gratefully acknowledged (“Hidden diversity in parmelioid lichens,” DEB-0949147).
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Leavitt, S.D., Moreau, C.S., Thorsten Lumbsch, H. (2015). The Dynamic Discipline of Species Delimitation: Progress Toward Effectively Recognizing Species Boundaries in Natural Populations. In: Upreti, D., Divakar, P., Shukla, V., Bajpai, R. (eds) Recent Advances in Lichenology. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2235-4_2
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