Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

HPLC: Herbal Drugs and Fingerprints

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Herbal Drugs and Fingerprints

  • 2260 Accesses

Abstract

HPLC is a highly powerful, sensitive, and versatile chromatographic technique for separation, purification, and characterization of chemical compounds, especially of natural product origin. The choice of the appropriate column and detector in HPLC analysis is crucial because of the diversity of chemical properties of the ingredients. Normal and reverse-phase analytical columns, with different specification for qualitative and quantitative applications of HPLC with various detectors, are being in practice, globally; each combination has unique potential and limitations, but till the day, there is a look for universal HPLC detector.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. David F, Vanhoenacker G, Tienpont B, Francois I, Sandra P. Coupling columns and multidimensional configurations to increase peak capacity in liquid chromatography. Lc Gc Eur. 2007;20:154–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Wilson ID, Brinkman UAT. Hyphenation and hypernation – the practice and prospects of multiple hyphenation. J Chromatogr A. 2003;1000:325–56.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Henry R, Santasania CT. Reporter. Separation of closely related compounds. Sigma-Aldrich. 2010;28.5: 6–7.

    Google Scholar 

  4. The United States Pharmacopoeia. XXIIIth revision, Natural formulas 18, Rockville: United States Pharmacopoeial Convention; 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Mcmaster MC. HPLC a practical user’s guide. New York: VCH; 1994. p. 85.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Verma S. Reporter. Separation of closely related compounds. Sigma-Aldrich. 2010;28.5: 9.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Schobel U, Frenay M, van Elswijk DA, McAndrews JM, et al. High resolution screening of plant natural product extracts for estrogen receptor alpha and beta binding activity using an online HPLC-MS biochemical detection system. J Biomol Screen. 2001;6:291–303.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Oosterkamp AJ, van der Hoeven R, Glassgen W, Konig B, et al. Gradient reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled on-line to receptor-affinity detection based on the urokinase receptor. J Chromatogr B. 1998;715(1):331–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Gao XF, Dan M, Zhao AH, Xie GX, Jia W. Simultaneous determination of saponins in flower buds of Panax notoginseng using high performance liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr. 2008;22:244–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ozkan SA. LC with electrochemical detection, recent application to pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. Chromatographia. 2007;66:S3–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Vial J, Jardy A. Study of the linear range in HPLC analyses with UV detection: methodology and experimental application to the influence of the analyte UV spectrum. J High Resolut Chromatogr. 1999;22:217–21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Brantner AH, Males Z. Quality assessment of Paliurus spina-christi extracts. J Etnopharmacol. 1999;66:175–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Fuzzati N. Analysis methods of ginsenosides. J Chromatogr B. 2004;812:119–33.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Tolonen A, Hohtola A, Jalonen J. Fast high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of naphthodianthrones and phloroglucinols from Hypericum perforatum extracts. Phytochem Anal. 2003;14:306–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Hasler A, Sticher O, Meier B. Identification and determination of the flavonoid from Ginkgo biloba by high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr. 1992;605:41–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Dubber MJ, Kanfer I. High performance liquid chromatographic determination of selected flavonols in Ginkgo biloba solid oral dosage forms. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2004;7:303–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Sloley BD, Tawfik SR, Scherban KA, Tam YK. Quality control analyses for ginkgo extracts require analysis of intact flavonol glycosides. J Food Drug Anal. 2003;11:102–7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Chen P, Ozcan M, Harnly J. Chromatographic fingerprint analysis for evaluation of Ginkgo biloba products. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2007;389:251–61.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Li WK, Fitzloff JF. HPLC determination of flavonoids and terpene lactones in commercial Ginkgo biloba products. J Liq Chromatogr Relat Technol. 2002;25:2501–14.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Fuzzati N, Pace R, Villa E. A simple HPLC-UV method for the assay of ginkgolic acids in Ginkgo biloba extracts. Fitoterapia. 2003;74:247–56.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Leitner A, Emmert J, Boerner K, Lindner W. Influence of solvent additive composition on chromatographic separation and sodium adduct formation of peptides in HPLC-ESI MS. Chromatographia. 2007;65:649–53.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Mohn T, Potterat O, Hamburger M. Quantification of active principles and pigments in leaf extracts of Isatis tinctoria by HPLC/UV/MS. Planta Med. 2007;73:151–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Bebrevska L, Bravo L, Vandervoort J, Pieters L, Vlietinck A, Apers S. Development and validation of an HPLC method for quality control of Pueraria lobata flower. Planta Med. 2007;73:1606–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Liang Z, Jiang Z, Ho H, Zhao Z. Comparative analysis of Oldenlandia diffusa and its substitutes by high performance liquid chromatographic fingerprint and mass spectrometric analysis. Planta Med. 2007;73:1502–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Ge GB, Zhang YY, Hao DC, Hu Y, Luan HW, Liu XB, et al. Chemotaxonomic study of medicinal Taxus species with fingerprint and multivariate analysis. Planta Med. 2008;74:773–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Jaimez J, Fente CA, Vazquez BI, Franco CM, Cepeda A, Mahuzier G, et al. Application of the assay of aflatoxins by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection in food analysis. J Chromatogr A. 2000;882:1–10.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Braga S, de Medeiros FD, Oliveira ED, Macedo RO. Development and validation of a method for the quantitative determination of aflatoxin contaminants in Maytenus ilicifolia by HPLC with fluorescence detection. Phytochem Anal. 2005;16:267–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Klvana M, Chen JK, Lepine F, Legros R, Jolicoeur M. Analysis of secondary metabolites from Eschscholtzia californica by high-performance liquid chromatography. Phytochem Anal. 2006;17:236–42.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Kristl J, Veber M, Krajnicic B, Oresnik K, Slekovec M. Determination of jasmonic acid in Lemna minor (L.) by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2005;383:886–93.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Li FM, Zhang CH, Guo XJ, Feng WY. Chemiluminescence detection in HPLC and CE for pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. Biomed Chromatogr. 2003;17:96–105.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Ohba Y, Kuroda N, Nakashima K. Liquid chromatography of fatty acids with chemiluminescence detection. Anal Chim Acta. 2002;465:101–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Zhang QL, Cui H. Simultaneous determination of quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin in phytopharmaceuticals of Hippophae rhamnoides L. by high-performance liquid chromatography with chemiluminescence detection. J Sep Sci. 2005;28:1171–8.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. LaCourse WR, Modi SJ. Microelectrode applications of pulsed electrochemical detection. Electroanalysis. 2005;17:1141–52.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Jean-Luc W. HPLC in natural product analysis: the detection issue. Planta Med. 2009;75(7):719–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Skrinjar M, Kolar MH, Jelsek N, Hras AR, Bezjak M, Knez Z. Application of HPLC with electrochemical detection for the determination of low levels of antioxidants. J Food Compos Anal. 2007;20:539–45.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Chan KL, Yuen KH, Jinadasa S, Peh KK, Toh WT. A high-performance liquid chromatography analysis of plasma artemisinin using a glassy carbon electrode for reductive electrochemical detection. Planta Med. 1997;63:66–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Joo KM, Park CW, Jeong HJ, Lee SJ, Chang IS. Simultaneous determination of two amadori compounds in Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) extracts and rat plasma by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. J Chromatogr B. 2008;865:159–66.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Tiselius A, Claesson S. Adsorption analysis by means of interferometric study. Arkiv Kemi Minearl Geol. 1942;15:1–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Ford DL, Kennard W. Vaporization analyzer. J Oil Colour Chem Assoc. 1966;49:299–313.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Megoulas NC, Koupparis MA. Twenty years of evaporative light scattering detection. Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2005;35:301–16.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Guillarme D, Rudaz S, Schelling C, Dreux M, Veuthey JL. Micro liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detector at ambient and high temperature: optimization of the nebulization cell geometry. J Chromatogr A. 2008;1192:103–12.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Dubber MJ, Kanfer I. Determination of terpene trilactones in Ginkgo biloba solid oral dosage forms using HPLC with evaporative light scattering detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2006;41:135–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Vervoort N, Daemen D, Torok G. Performance evaluation of evaporative light scattering detection and charged aerosol detection in reversed phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A. 2008;1189:92–100.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Gorecki T, Lynen F, Szucs R, Sandra P. Universal response in liquid chromatography using charged aerosol detection. Anal Chem. 2006;78:3186–92.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Li P, Zeng LJ, Lin G. The extraction of imperialine and imperialine-3 beta-glucoside from Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk and quantitative determination by HPLC-evaporative light scattering detection. Phytochem Anal. 2002;13:158–61.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Kim SN, Ha YW, Shin H, Son SH, Wu SJ, Kim YS. Simultaneous quantification of 14 ginsenosides in Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Korean red ginseng) by HPLC-ELSD and its application to quality control. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2007;45:164–70.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Schaneberg BT, Molyneux RJ, Khan IA. Evaporative light scattering detection of pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Phytochem Anal. 2004;15:36–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Cremin PA, Zeng L. High-throughput analysis of natural product compound libraries by parallel LC-MS evaporative light scattering detection. Anal Chem. 2002;74:5492–500.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Dixon RW, Peterson DS. Development and testing of a detection method for liquid chromatography based on aerosol charging. Anal Chem. 2002;74:2930–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Gamache PH, McCarthy RS, Freeto SM, Asa DJ, Woodcock MJ, Laws K, et al. HPLC analysis of non-volatile analytes using charged aerosol detection. Lc Gc Eur. 2005;18:345–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Smith RM. Superheated water chromatography – a green technology for the future. J Chromatogr A. 2008;1184:441–55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Guillarme D, Heinisch S. Detection modes with high temperature liquid chromatography – a review. Sep Purif Rev. 2005;34:181–216.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Korfmacher WA. Principles and applications of LC-MS in new drug discovery. Drug Discov Today. 2005;10:1357–67.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. He XG. On-line identification of phytochemical constituents in botanical extracts by combined high-performance liquid chromatographic-diode array detection-mass spectrometric techniques. J Chromatogr A. 2000;880:203–32.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Pisitkun T, Hoffert JD, Yu MJ, Knepper MA. Tandem mass spectrometry in physiology. Physiology. 2007;22:390–400.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Williamson LN, Bartlett MG. Quantitative liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr. 2007;21:567–76.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Jessome LL, Volmer DA. Ion suppression: a major concern in mass spectrometry. Lc Gc N Am. 2006;24:83–9.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Syage JA, Short LC, Cai SS. Atmospheric pressure photoionization – the second source for LC-MS? Lc Gc N Am. 2008;26:286–300.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Duckett CJ, Lindon JC, Walker H, Abou-Shakra F, Wilson ID, Nicholson JK. Metabolism of 3-chloro-4-fluoroaniline in rat using [C-14]-radiolabelling, F-19-NMR spectroscopy, HPLC-MS/MS, HPLC-ICPMS and HPLC-NMR. Xenobiotica. 2006;36:59–77.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Elswijk DAV, Irth H. Analytical tools for the detection and characterization of biologically active compounds from nature. Phytochem Rev. 2003;1:427–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Wilson ID, Brinkman UAT. Hype and hypernation: multiple hyphenation of column liquid chromatography and spectroscopy. Trends Anal Chem. 2007;26:847–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Jaroszewski JW. Hyphenated NMR methods in natural products research, part 1: direct hyphenation. Planta Med. 2005;71:691–700.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Clarkson C, Madikane EV, Hansen SH, Smith PJ, Jaroszewski JW. HPLC-SPE-NMR characterization of sesquiterpenes in an antimycobacterial fraction from Warburgia salutaris. Planta Med. 2007;73:578–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Lambert M, Wolfender JL, Staerk D, Christensen B, Hostettmann K, Jaroszewski JW. Identification of natural products using HPLC-SPE combined with CapNMR. Anal Chem. 2007;79:727–35.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Larsen TO, Hansen MAE. Dereplication and discovery of natural products by UV spectroscopy. In: Colegate SM, Molyneux RJ, editors. Bio-active natural products: detection, isolation, and structural determination. 2nd ed. London: CRC Press; 2008. p. 221–44.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Romani A, Vignolini P, Isolani L, Ieri F, Heimler D. HPLC-DAD/MS characterization of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic derivatives in turnip tops (Brassica rapa L. subsp. sylvestris L.). J Agric Food Chem. 2006;54(4):1342–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Wolfender JL, Queiroz EF, Hostettmann K. Phytochemistry in the microgram domain – a LC-NMR perspective. Magn Reson Chem. 2005;43:697–709.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Akarasereenont P, Thitilertdecha P, Chotewuttakorn S, Palo T, Seubnooch P, Wattanarangsan J, et al. Chromatographic fingerprint development for quality assessment of “Ayurved Siriraj Prasachandaeng” antipyretic drug. Siriraj Med. 2010;62(1):4–8.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Cimpan G, Gocan S. Analysis of medicinal plants by HPLC: recent approaches. J Liq Chromatogr Relat Technol. 2002;25(13):2225–92.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Mauri P, Migliazza B, Pietta P. Liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry of bioactive terpenoids in Ginkgo biloba L. J Mass Spectrom. 1999;34(12):1361–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Lacey ME, Tan ZJ, Webb AG, Sweedler JV. Union of capillary high-performance liquid chromatography and microcoil nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy applied to the separation and identification of terpenoids. J Chromatogr A. 2001;922:139–49.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Bauer R, Remiger P. TLC and HPLC analysis of alkamides in Echinacea drug. Planta Med. 1989;55:367–71.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bibliography

  • Bindseil KU, Jakupovic J, Wolf D, Lavayre J, Leboul J, Van der Pyl D. Pure compound libraries; a new perspective for natural product based drug discovery. Drug Discov Today. 2001;6(16):840–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deli J, Matus Z, Toth G. Comparative study on the carotenoid composition in the buds and flowers of different Aesculus species. Chromatographia. 2000;51(Suppl):S179–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dillard CJ, German JB. Phytochemicals: nutraceuticals and human health. J Sci Food Agric. 2000;80:1744–56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glasl S, Gunbilig D, Narantuya S, Werner I, Jurenitsc J. Combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic methods for the isolation and characterization of polar guaianolides from Achillea asiatica. J Chromatogr A. 2001;936:193–200.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grabley S, Thiericke R. Bioactive agents from natural sources: trends in discovery and application. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 1999;64:101–54.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gu L, Gu W. Characterisation of soy isoflavones and screening of novel malonyl glycosides using high-performance liquid chromatography- electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry. Phytochem Anal. 2001;12:377–82.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herrmann K. Occurrence and content of hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acid compounds in foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 1989;28:315–47.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim ND, Mehta R, Yu W, Neeman I, Livney T, Amichay A, Poirier D, Nicholls P, Kirby A, Jiang W, Mansel R, Ramachandran C, Rabi T, Kaplan B, Lansky E. Chemopreventive and adjuvant therapeutic potential of pomegranate (Punica granatum) for human breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002;71(3):203–17.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lutz ESM, Irth H, Tjaden UR, Van der Greef J. Applying hollow fibres for separating free and bound label in continuous flow immunochemical detection. J Chromatogr A. 1996;755(2):179–87.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mueller-Harvey I. Analysis of hydrolysable tannins. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2001;91:3–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oosterkamp AJ, Irth H, Tjaden UR, Vander-Greef J. On-line coupling of liquid chromatography to biochemical assays based on fluorescent-labeled ligands. Anal Chem. 1994;66(23):4295–301.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rashid MA, Gustafson KR, Crouch RC, Groweiss A, Pannell LK, Van ON, Boyd NR. Application of high-field NMR and cryogenic probe technologies in the structural elucidation of poecillastrin a, a new antitumor macrolide lactam from the sponge Poecillastra species. Org Lett. 2002;4(19):3293–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schofield P, Mbugua DM, Pell AN. Analysis of condensed tannins: a review. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2001;91:21–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swatsitang P, Tucker G, Robards K, Jardine D. Isolation and identification of phenolics compounds in Citrus sinensis. Anal Chim Acta. 2000;417:231–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weber L. High-diversity combinatorial libraries. Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2000;4(3):295–302.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zani CL, Alves TMA, Queiroz R, Fontes ES, Shin YG, Cordell GA. A cytotoxic diterpene from Alomia myriadenia. Phytochemistry. 2000;53:877–80.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Amity Institute of Phytochemistry & Phytomedicine, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida, UP, India

    Devi Datt Joshi

Authors
  1. Devi Datt Joshi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Devi Datt Joshi .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer India

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Joshi, D.D. (2012). HPLC: Herbal Drugs and Fingerprints. In: Herbal Drugs and Fingerprints. Springer, India. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0804-4_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0804-4_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, India

  • Print ISBN: 978-81-322-0803-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-81-322-0804-4

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation