Skip to main content

Best Estimates of Asthma Control in Children

  • Chapter
Allergy Frontiers: Therapy and Prevention

Part of the book series: Allergy Frontiers ((ALLERGY,volume 5))

  • 845 Accesses

Asthma is a disease caused by the chronic inflammation with resulting airway hyper-responsiveness and reversible obstruction. Although the underlying pathophysiology of the condition is similar in adults and children, differences exist between these two populations because the pediatric lung is not just a smaller version of the adult lung. Because of a narrower airway, children may have asthma symptoms when exposed to stimuli that an adult may tolerate without symptoms. Since the pediatric lung is still developing, chronic inflammation may result not only in current asthma symptoms, but also in a permanent decrease in lung function [1]. On the global level, asthma prevalence is increasing at a disproportionate rate in children, compared to adults. Asthma has become the most common chronic disease of childhood, affecting approximately 9 million children less than 18 years of age [2].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Rietveld S, Creer TL (2003) Psychiatric factors in asthma: implications for diagnosis and therapy. Am J Respir Med 2(1):1–10

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bloom, B. and A.N. Dey, Summary health statistics for U.S. children: National Health Interview Survey, 2004. Vital Health Stat 10, 2006. (227): p. 1–85

    Google Scholar 

  3. Vollmer, W.M., Assessment of asthma control and severity. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 2004. 93 (5): p. 409–13; quiz 414–6, 492

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Cockcroft DW, Swystun VA (1996) Asthma control versus asthma severity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 98(6 Pt 1):1016–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Humbert M et al (2007) Asthma control or severity: that is the question. Allergy 62(2):95–101

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Gustafsson PM et al (2006) Poor asthma control in children: evidence from epidemiological surveys and implications for clinical practice. Int J Clin Pract 60(3):321–34

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Li J et al (2005) Attaining optimal asthma control: a practice parameter. J Allergy Clin Immunol 116 (5): p. S3–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Schatz M et al (2006) Determinants of future long-term asthma control. J Allergy Clin Immunol 118(5):1048–53

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. National Asthma Education Program. Expert Panel Report. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 1991. 88 (3 Pt 2): p. 425–534

    Google Scholar 

  10. Von Mutius, E., Presentation of new GINA guidelines for paediatrics. The Global Initiative on Asthma. Clin Exp Allergy, 2000. 30 (Suppl 1): p. 6–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Bousquet J et al (2007) GINA guidelines on asthma and beyond. Allergy 62(2):102–12

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Covar RA et al (2004) Progression of asthma measured by lung function in the childhood asthma management program. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170(3):234–41

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Sears MR et al (2003) A longitudinal, population-based, cohort study of childhood asthma followed to adulthood. N Engl J Med 349(15):1414–22

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Morgan WJ et al (2005) Outcome of asthma and wheezing in the first 6 years of life: follow-up through adolescence. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 172(10):1253–8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Kikuchi Y et al (1994) Chemosensitivity and perception of dyspnea in patients with a history of near-fatal asthma. N Engl J Med 330(19):1329–34

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Kendrick AH et al (1993) Accuracy of perception of severity of asthma: patients treated in general practice. BMJ 307(6901):422–4

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Baker RR et al (2000) Poor perception of airway obstruction in children with asthma. J Asthma 37(7):613–24

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Shingo S, Zhang J, Reiss TF (2001) Correlation of airway obstruction and patient-reported endpoints in clinical studies. Eur Respir J 17(2):220–4

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Luskin AT (2005) What the asthma end points we know and love do and do not tell us. J Allergy Clin Immunol 115(4 Suppl):S539–45

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Schatz M et al (2005) Relationships among quality of life, severity, and control measures in asthma: an evaluation using factor analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 115(5):1049–55

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Newacheck PW, Halfon N (2000) Prevalence, impact, and trends in childhood disability due to asthma. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 154(3):287–93

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Cohen P et al (1998) Prospective associations between somatic illness and mental illness from childhood to adulthood. Am J Epidemiol 147(3):232–9

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. DiMatteo MR, Lepper HS, Croghan TW (2000) Depression is a risk factor for noncompliance with medical treatment: meta-analysis of the effects of anxiety and depression on patient adherence. Arch Intern Med 160(14):2101–7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Kullowatz A et al (2007) Association of depression and anxiety with health care use and quality of life in asthma patients. Respir Med 101(3):638–44

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Gandhi RK, Blaiss MS (2006) What are the best estimates of pediatric asthma control? Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 6(2):106–12

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Juniper EF et al (1992) Evaluation of impairment of health related quality of life in asthma: development of a questionnaire for use in clinical trials. Thorax 47(2):76–83

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Juniper EF et al (1996) Measuring quality of life in children with asthma. Qual Life Res 5(1):35–46

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Liu A et al (2007) Development and cross-sectional validation of the Childhood Asthma Control Test. J Allergy Clin Immunol 119(4):817–825

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Gendo K, Lodewick MJ (2005) Asthma economics: focusing on therapies that improve costly outcomes. Curr Opin Pulm Med 11(1):43–50

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Lozano P et al (1999) The economic burden of asthma in US children: estimates from the National Medical Expenditure Survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol 104(5):957–63

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Malone DC, Lawson KA, Smith DH (2000) Asthma: an analysis of high-cost patients. Pharm Pract Manag Q 20(1):12–20

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Stempel DA et al (2005) Patterns of asthma control: a 3-year analysis of patient claims. J Allergy Clin Immunol 115(5):935–9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Alvarez GG et al (2005) A systematic review of risk factors associated with near-fatal and fatal asthma. Can Respir J 12(5):265–70

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Naureckas ET et al (2005) Short-acting beta-agonist prescription fills as a marker for asthma morbidity. Chest 128(2):602–8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Kanengiser S, Dozor AJ (1994) Forced expiratory maneuvers in children aged 3 to 5 years. Pediatr Pulmonol 18(3):144–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Kamps AW, Brand PL (2001) Education, self-management and home peak flow monitoring in childhood asthma. Paediatr Respir Rev 2(2):165–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Kamps AW, Roorda RJ, Brand PL (2001) Peak flow diaries in childhood asthma are unreliable. Thorax 56(3):180–2

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Gibson PG (2000) Monitoring the patient with asthma: an evidence-based approach. J Allergy Clin Immunol 106(1 Pt 1):17–26

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Kotses H, Harver A, Humphries CT (2006) Home monitoring in asthma self-management. J Asthma 43(9):649–55

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Brand PL, Roorda RJ (2003) Usefulness of monitoring lung function in asthma. Arch Dis Child 88(11):1021–5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Fuhlbrigge AL et al (2001) FEV(1) is associated with risk of asthma attacks in a pediatric population. J Allergy Clin Immunol 107(1):61–7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Liu AH (2005) Biomarkers and childhood asthma: improving control today and tomorrow. Allergy Asthma Proc 26(4):249–54

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Horak E et al (2003) Longitudinal study of childhood wheezy bronchitis and asthma: outcome at age 42. BMJ 326(7386):422–3

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Paull K et al (2005) Do NHLBI lung function criteria apply to children? A cross-sectional evaluation of childhood asthma at National Jewish Medical and Research Center, 1999–2002. Pediatr Pulmonol 39(4):311–7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Olaguibel JM et al (2005) Comparative analysis of the bronchodilator response measured by impulse oscillometry (IOS), spirometry and body plethysmography in asthmatic children. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 15(2):102–6

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Papadopouli E et al (2006) Comparison of induced sputum inflammatory profiles between childhood and adult-onset asthma. Respir Med 100(8):1442–50

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Riedler J, Robertson CF (1994) Effect of tidal volume on the output and particle size distribution of hypertonic saline from an ultrasonic nebulizer. Eur Respir J 7(5):998–1002

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Cai Y et al (1998) Persistence of sputum eosinophilia in children with controlled asthma when compared with healthy children. Eur Respir J 11(4):848–53

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Gibson PG et al (2003) Relationship between induced sputum eosinophils and the clinical pattern of childhood asthma. Thorax 58(2):116–21

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Green RH et al (2002) Asthma exacerbations and sputum eosinophil counts: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 360(9347):1715–21

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Covar RA et al (2004) Safety and application of induced sputum analysis in childhood asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 114(3):575–82

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Li AM et al (2005) Induced sputum in childhood asthma. Hong Kong Med J 11(4):289–94

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Taylor DR (2006) Nitric oxide as a clinical guide for asthma management. J Allergy Clin Immunol 117(2):259–62

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Smith AD et al (2005) Use of exhaled nitric oxide measurements to guide treatment in chronic asthma. N Engl J Med 352(21):2163–73

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Delgado-Corcoran C et al (2004) Exhaled nitric oxide reflects asthma severity and asthma control. Pediatr Crit Care Med 5(1):48–52

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Jones SL et al (2001) The predictive value of exhaled nitric oxide measurements in assessing changes in asthma control. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 164(5):738–43

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Jones SL et al (2002) Exhaled NO and assessment of anti-inflammatory effects of inhaled steroid: dose-response relationship. Eur Respir J 20(3):601–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Bateman ED, Bousquet J, Braunstein GL (2001) Is overall asthma control being achieved? A hypothesis-generating study. Eur Respir J 17(4):589–95

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Bateman, E.D., et al., Can guideline-defined asthma control be achieved? The Gaining Optimal Asthma ControL study [see comment]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2004. 170 (8): p. 836–44

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Lemanske RF Jr (2002) Genetics and the variability of treatment response in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 109(6 Suppl):S521–4

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Israel E (2005) Genetics and the variability of treatment response in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 115(4 Suppl):S532–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Murphy KR (2005) Asthma: versatile treatment for a variable disease. J Asthma 42(3):149–57

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Rabe KF et al (2004) Worldwide severity and control of asthma in children and adults: the global asthma insights and reality surveys. J Allergy Clin Immunol 114(1):40–7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Canonica GW et al (2007) Unmet needs in asthma: Global Asthma Physician and Patient (GAPP) Survey: global adult findings. Allergy 62(6):668–74

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Partridge, M.E., Dolen, W.K. (2009). Best Estimates of Asthma Control in Children. In: Pawankar, R., Holgate, S.T., Rosenwasser, L.J. (eds) Allergy Frontiers: Therapy and Prevention. Allergy Frontiers, vol 5. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99362-9_34

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-99362-9_34

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo

  • Print ISBN: 978-4-431-99361-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-4-431-99362-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics