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Atherothrombosis and Thrombus Propagation

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Recent Advances in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 2008

Abstract

The rapid closure of coronary arteries as a result of occlusive thrombi is the major cause of acute myocardial infarction, and disrupted (via rupture or erosion) coronary atherosclerotic plaques can trigger a coronary thrombosis. Accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation plays a key role in plaque instability and thrombus formation. Autopsy studies of acute myocardial infarction have revealed that thrombi on disrupted plaques are principally composed of aggregated platelets and a large amount of fibrin with many inflammatory cells. Thrombi from ruptured plaques are significantly richer in fibrin than those on eroded plaques, and more tissue factor and C-reactive protein are expressed in ruptured than eroded plaques. These compounds appear to contribute more to fibrin-rich thrombus formation upon plaque rupture than plaque erosion. On the other hand, plaque disruption does not always result in total thrombotic occlusion because microscopic coronary thrombi are frequent in autopsies of noncardiac death. However, the mechanisms of arterial thrombus propagation in vivo remain unclear. Recent studies have demonstrated that increased vascular wall thrombogenicity together with substantial blood flow alteration is crucial for occlusive thrombus formation. Furthermore, not only plasma von Willebrand factor and vascular wall tissue factor but also intrinsic coagulation factors play important roles in thrombus propagation in vivo.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki-gun, Miyazaki, 889-1692, Japan

    Atsushi Yamashita & Yujiro Asada

Authors
  1. Atsushi Yamashita
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  2. Yujiro Asada
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan

    Kenzo Tanaka M.D., Ph.D. (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  2. Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, J317 Health Science Center, Box 357350, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    Earl W. Davie Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

  3. School of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan

    Yasuo Ikeda M.D., Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

  4. Department of Biology, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan

    Sadaaki Iwanaga Ph.D. (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  5. Department of Medicine, Nagoya University, 26 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan

    Hidehiko Saito M.D., Ph.D. (Professor Emeritus) (Professor Emeritus)

  6. Pathophysiological and Experimental Division, Department of Pathology, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan

    Katsuo Sueishi M.D., Ph.D. (Professor) (Professor)

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Yamashita, A., Asada, Y. (2008). Atherothrombosis and Thrombus Propagation. In: Tanaka, K., Davie, E.W., Ikeda, Y., Iwanaga, S., Saito, H., Sueishi, K. (eds) Recent Advances in Thrombosis and Hemostasis 2008. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-78847-8_42

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-78847-8_42

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo

  • Print ISBN: 978-4-431-78846-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-4-431-78847-8

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