Summary
Although the existence of multiple cortical motor areas has been established, their functional roles have been the subject of debate. At times, a view has appeared in the literature that each cortical area is active similarly in the performance of motor tasks. This view, however, is inconsistent with individually different connectivity of each area to other parts of the cortex, as well as to subcortical areas. In this article, we will make a point that the neuronal activity in the three areas (the SMA, pre-SMA and PM) is different in association with sequential performance of multiple movements. The role of cortico-basal ganglia loops in controlling such a motor task remains to be studied.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alexander GE and Crutcher MD (1990) Preparation for movement: neural representations of intended direction in three motor areas of the monkey. J. Neurophysiol., 64: 133–150.
Brinkman C (1981) Lesions in supplementary motor area interfere
with a monkey’s performance of a bimanual coordination task. Neurosci. Lett., 27: 267–270.
Deiber M-P, Passingham RE, Colebatch JG, Friston KJ, Nixon PD and Frackowiak RSJ (1991) Cortical areas and the selection of movement: a study with positron emission tomography. Exp. Brain Res., 84: 393–402.
Denny-Brown D and Yanagisawa N (1976) The role of the basal ganlia in the initiation of movement. In: M.D. Yahr (Ed), The Basal Ganglia, Raven Press, New York, pp. 115–148.
Dum RP and Strick PL (1991a) The origin of corticospinal projections from the premotor areas in the frontal lobe. J. Neurosci., 11 (3): 667–689.
Dum RP and Strick PL (199 lb) Premotor areas: Nodal points for parallel efferent systems involved in the central control of movement. In: D.R. Humphrey and H.-J. Freund (Eds.), Motor Control: Concepts and Issues., John Wiley, New York, pp. 383397.
Fried I, Katz A, McCarthy G, Sass KJ, Williamson P, Spencer SS and Spencer DD (1991) Functional organization of human supplementary motor cortex studied by electrical stimulation. J. Neurosci., 11: 3656–3666.
Gaymard B, Pierrot-Deseilligny C and Rivaud S (1990) Impairment of sequences of memory-guided saccades after supplementary motor area lesions. Ann. Neurol., 28: 622–626.
Halsband U, Ito N, Tanji J and Freund H-J (1993) The role of premotor cortex and the supplementary motor area in the temporal control of movement in man. Brain, 116: 243–266.
Halsband U, Matsuzaka Y and Tanji J (1994) Neuronal activity in the primate supplementary, pre-supplementary, and premotor cortex during externally-and internally instructed sequential movements. Neurosci Res., in press:
Halsband U and Passingham RE (1982) The premotor and parietal cortex in the direction of action. Brain Res., 240: 368–372.
Huerta MF and Kaas JH (1990) Supplementary eye field as defined by intracortical microstimulation: connections in macaques. J. Comp. Neurol., 293: 299–330.
Lang W, Obrig H, Lindinger G, Cheyne D and Deecke L (1990) Supplementary motor area activation while tapping bimanually different rhythms in musicians. Exp. Brain Res., 79: 504–514.
Lang W, Zilch O, Koska C. Lindinger G and Deecke L (1989) Negative cortical DC shifts preceding and accompanying simple and complex sequential movements. Exp. Brain Res., 74: 99–104.
Laplane D, Talairach J, Meininger V, Bancaud J and Orgogozo JM (1977) Clinical consequences of corticectomies involving the supplementary motor area in man. J. Neurol. Sci., 34: 301–314.
Lu M, Preston JB and Strick PL (1994) Interconnections between the prefrontal cortex and the premotor areas in the frontal lobe. J. comp. Neurol., 341: 375–392.
Luppino G, Matelli M, Camarda R and Rizzolatti G (1993) Corticocortical connections of area F3 (SMA-proper) and area F6 (Pre-SMA) in the macaque monkey. J. Comp. Neurol., 338: 114–140.
Luppino G, Matelli M, Camarda RM, Gallese V and Rizzolatti G (1991) Multiple representations of body movements in mesial area 6 and the adjacent cingulate cortex: an intracortical microstimulation study in the macaque monkey. J. Comp. Neurol., 311: 463–482.
Marsden CD (1982) The mysterious motor function of the basal ganglia; The Robert Wartenberg lecture. Neurology, 32; 514539.
Macpherson J, Wiesendanger M, Marangoz C and Miles TS (1982a) Corticospinal neurones of the supplementary motor area of monkeys. Exp. Brain Res., 48: 81–88.
Macpherson JM, Marangoz C, Miles TS and Wiesendanger M (1982b) Microstimlation of the supplementary motor area (SMA) in the awake monkey. Exp. Brain Res., 45: 410–416.
Matelli M and Luppino G (1992) Anatomo-functional parcellation of the agranular frontal cortex. Exp. Brain Res., Suppl. 22: 85102.
Matelli M, Luppino G and Rizzolatti G (1985) Patterns of cytochrome oxidase activity in the frontal agranular cortex of the macaque monkey. Behay. Brain Res., 18: 126–136.
Matsuzaka Y, Aizawa H and Tanji J (1992) A motor area rostral to the supplementary motor area (presupplementary motor area) in the monkey: neuronal activity during a learned motor task. J. Neurophysiol., 68: 653–662.
Mushiake H, Inase M and Tanji J (1991) Neuronal activity in the primate premotor, supplementary, and precentral motor cortex during viusally guided and internally determined sequential movements. J. Neurophysiol., 66: 705–718.
Pandya DN, Van Hoesen GW and Mesulam M (1981) Efferent connections of the cingulate gyros in tghe rhesus monkey. Exp. Brain Res., 42: 319–330.
Parthasarathy HB, Schall JD and Graybiel AM (1992) Distributed but convergent ordering of corticostriatal projections: analysis of the frontal eye field and the supplementary eye field in the macaque monkey. J. Neurosci., 12: 4468–4488.
Passingham RE (1993) The Frontal Lobes and Voluntary Action., Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp.
Penfield W and Welch K (1949) The supplementry motor area in the cerebral cortex of man. Trans. Amer. Neurol. Assn., 179–185.
Rizzolatti G, Gentilucci M, Camarda RM, Gallese V, Luppino G, Matelli M and Fogassi L (1990) Neurons related to reaching-grasping arm movements in the rostral part of area 6 (area 6a). Exp. Brain Res., 82: 337–350.
Roland PE, Larsen B, Lassen NA and Skinhoj E (1980) Supplementary motor area and other cortical areas in organization of voluntary movements in man. J. Neurophysiol., 43: 118–136.
Schlag J and Schlag-Rey M (1987) Evidence for a supplementary eye field. J. Neurophysiol., 57: 179–200.
Shook BL, Schlag-rey M and Schlag J (1988) Direct projection from the supplementary eye field to the nucleus raphe interpositus. Exp. Brain Res., 73: 215–218.
Shook BL, Schlag-Rey M and Schlag J (1991) Primate supplementary eye field: II. Comparative aspects of connections with the thalamus, corpus striatum, and related forebrain nuclei. J. Comp. Neurol., 307: 562–583.
Stanton GB, Bruce CJ and Goldberg ME (1993) Topography of projections to the frontal lobe from the macaque frontal eye fields. J. Comp. Neurol., 330: 286–301.
Tanji J (1994) The supplementary motor area in the cerebral cortex. Neurosci. Res. 19: 251–268
Tanji J, Aizawa H, Shima K and Matsuzaka Y (1991) A forelimb motor task-related area rostral to the supplementary motor area. Jpn. J. Physiol. Suppl., 41: S252.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer-Verlag Tokyo
About this paper
Cite this paper
Tanji, J., Shima, K., Matsuzaka, Y., Halsband, U. (1995). Neuronal Activity in the Supplementary, Presupplementary, and Premotor Cortex of Monkey. In: Kimura, M., Graybiel, A.M. (eds) Functions of the Cortico-Basal Ganglia Loop. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68547-0_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68547-0_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-68549-4
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-68547-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive