Abstract
The intraluminal ethanol concentration in the jejunum of man varies between 2% and 9% w/v [1] in the course of moderate drinking. This concentration is 15–100 times higher than that which occurs in the blood (0.08%–0.15%) during mild inebriation. Ethanol is transferred across the epithelial layer of the jejunum by simple diffusion [2]. The capillaries and postcapillary venules of the jejunal villus lie in close proximity to the epithelium. They are separated from the lumen only by a sheet of epithelial cells, the basal lamina of the villous core, and a very thin and loose connective tissue layer. Because of this, ethanol can reach the microvessels in high concentrations and could initiate microvascular damage.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Millan MS, Dinda PK, Buell MG (1980) Villous damage induced by suction biopsy and by acute ethanol intake in the normal human small intestine. Dig Dis Sci 25: 513–25
Beck IT. (1977) Effects de l’alcool sur l’intestin grele. La Vie Med. Can Fr 6: 1049–1064
Buell MG, Beck IT (1983) Effect of ethanol on jejunal regional blood flow in the rabbit. Gastroenterology 84: 81–89
Buell MG, Dinda PK, Beck IT (1983) Effect of ethanol on morphology and total, capillary, and shunted blood flow of different anatomical layers of dog jejunum. Dig Dis Sci 28: 1005–1017
Buell MG, Beck IT (1984) Ethanol-induced mucosal microvascular stasis and enhanced plasma protein loss in the dog jejunum. Gastroenterology 86: 413–320
Beck IT, Buell MG, Morris GP (1986) Ethanol-induced vascular permeability changes in the jejunal mucosa of the dog. Gastroenterology 90: 1137–1145
Kvietys PR, Paterson WG, Russell JM, Barrowman JA, Granger DN, (1984) The role of the microcirculation in ethanol-induced mucosal injury in the dog. Gastroenterology 87: 562–571
Ham KN, Hurley JV (1965) Acute inflammation. An electron microscope study of turpentine-induced pleurisy in the rat. J Pathol Bacteriol 90: 365–377
Majno B, Palade GE, (1961) Studies in inflammation: I. The effect of histamine and serotonin on vascular permeability: an electron microscopic study. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 11: 571–605
Majno G, Gilmore V, Levanthal M (1967) On the mechanism of vascular leakage caused by histamine-type mediators. A microscopic study in vivo. Circ Res 21: 833–847
Casley-Smith JR (1980) The response of the microcirculation to inflammation: In: Weissman G (ed) The cell biology of inflammation. Handbook of inflammation, vol. 2. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 53–82
Vane J, Botting R (1987) Inflammation and the mechanism of action of anti-inflammatory drugs. FASEB J 1: 89–96
Robert A, Nezamis JE, Lancaster C, Davis JP, Field SO, Hanchar AJ (1983) Mild irritants prevent gastric necrosis through “adaptive cytoprotection” mediated by prostaglandins. Am J Physiol 245: G113–121
Guindon Y, Girard Y, Maycock A, Ford-Hutchinson AW, Atkinson PC, Belanger JG, Dallob A, De Souse D, Dougherty H, Egan R, Goldbery MM, Ham E, Fortin R, Hamel P, Lau CK, Leblanc Y, McFarlane CS, Piechuta H, Therien M, Yoakim C, Rokach J (1987) L-651, 392: A novel, potent and selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. In: Samuelsson B, Paoletti R, Ramwell PW (eds) Advances in prostaglandin, thromboxane, and leukotriene research. Raven, New York, 17: 554–557
Fox J, Galey F, Wayland H (1980) Action of histamine on the mesenteric microvasculature. Microvasc Res 19: 108–126
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Springer-Verlag Tokyo
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beck, I.T., Dinda, P.K., Leddin, D.J., Ray, M., Prokopiw, I., Boyd, A. (1988). Chemical Mediators in Ethanol-Induced Increased Jejunal Microvascular Permeability. In: Manabe, H., Zweifach, B.W., Messmer, K. (eds) Microcirculation in Circulatory Disorders. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68078-9_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68078-9_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo
Print ISBN: 978-4-431-68080-2
Online ISBN: 978-4-431-68078-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive