Study of Myopia in the People’s Republic of China

Summary

The myopia rate in the People’s Republic of China is higher than in the rest of the world, and great achievements have been made in the study of this problem. The epidemiological characteristics of myopia are shown, including the average rate of incidence, refraction in children and juveniles, sexual differences, and factors affecting the occurrence and development of myopia. Many studies have examined the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of myopia. In recent years, many organizations have been set up to develop research into myopia, and much information has been accumulated. Some information relates to physiological refractive values, and new examination methods have been designed and improved, such as logarithmic visual acuity charts, visual acuity grading methods, loading tests for visual acuity, distinguishing true or false myopia, and the simultaneous photography of the corneal and fundus reflexes. Different opinions about pseudo-myopia have also been discussed. A classification system for myopia and the ratio concept of ocular dimension (anteroposterior dimension : transverse dimension) have further confirmed the axial theory of myopia. Therapy methods for myopia are also discussed.