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Gene Mapping, Isolation and Genetic Improvement in Catfish

  • Chapter
Aquatic Genomics

Summary

The catfish genetic improvement program at Auburn University utilizes an integrated approach of genomics, gene isolation, selective breeding and gene transfer for the development of superior lines, crosses, hybrids and transgenics of catfish. A linkage map was recently completed that identified 44 linkage groups containing 607 AFLP markers. Analysis and placement of 100 microsatellite loci will soon be completed and added to this map as well as several quantitative trait loci. Additionally, 17 isozyme loci were mapped to 5 linkage groups. Selective genotyping has identified 3 microsatellites linked to feed conversion efficiency in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, one microsatellite linked to growth and one microsatellite putatively linked to resistance to the bacterium, Edwardsiella ictaluri. F(ST) analysis indicated that nine of 13 isozyme loci examined in channel catfish were linked or associated with increased growth rate. Our laboratory has sequenced 7,000 EST clones from muscle, pituitary, brain, head kidney, skin and spleen of channel catfish representing 4,000 different genes.cDNA microarray analysis illustrated differential gene expression during hormone induced ovulation and in the muscles of different aged fish. Selection, intraspecific crossbreeding, interspecific hybridization and genetic engineering were all successful for improving production traits in catfish. Growth hormone gene transfer and transfer of lytic peptides increased the growth and bacterial disease resistance, respectively, for channel catfish. Interspecific hybridization actually improved more traits in a single cross than any of the other breeding programs. However, mass selection combined with crossbreeding, mass selection combined with genetic engineering or strain selection combined with hybridization resulted in more genetic enhancement than any of the genetic improvement programs individually. The best aquaculture genotypes for the future will be developed by utilizing multiple breeding programs. The gene mapping data, QTL data, gene isolation and general genomics research will be utilized and integrated for marker-assisted selection, genetic engineering and in combination with multiple genetic improvement programs to maximize genetic potential of catfish for commercial catfish culture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, Alabama, USA

    Rex A. Dunham & Zhanjiang Liu

  2. Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn Universtiy, Alabama, USA, 36849

    Rex A. Dunham & Zhanjiang Liu

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  1. Rex A. Dunham
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  2. Zhanjiang Liu
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, 160-8582, Shinjuku-ku, Japan

    Nobuyoshi Shimizu Ph.D. (Professor and Head) (Professor and Head)

  2. Laboratory of Genetics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Fisheries Science, Tokyo University of Fisheries, 4-5-7 Konan, 108-8477, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Takashi Aoki Ph.D. (Professor) & Ikuo Hirono Ph.D. (Associate Professor) (Professor) &  (Associate Professor)

  3. Tokyo University of Fisheries, 4-5-7 Konan, 108-8477, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Fumio Takashima Ph.D. (President) (President)

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Dunham, R.A., Liu, Z. (2003). Gene Mapping, Isolation and Genetic Improvement in Catfish. In: Shimizu, N., Aoki, T., Hirono, I., Takashima, F. (eds) Aquatic Genomics. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65938-9_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65938-9_4

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