Abstract
This chapter describes a two-dimensional computer simulation of trabecular structural changes in a human proximal femur. As described in Chap. 8, local stress nonuniformity is assumed to drive trabecular structural change by surface remodeling to seek a uniform stress state. A large-scale pixel finite element model is constructed for simulating structural changes of individual trabeculae over the entire bone. In the simulation, the initial structure of trabeculae changes from isotropic to anisotropic because of the trabecular microstructural changes according to the mechanical environment in the proximal femur. The apparent structural properties evaluated by fabric ellipses correspond to the apparent stress state in cancellous bone. As observed in the actual bone, a distributed trabecular structure is obtained under a multiple-loading condition. These results demonstrate that trabecular surface remodeling leading towards a local uniform stress state at the trabecular level results in a functional adaptation phenomenon at the apparent tissue level. The proposed simulation model is capable of providing insight into the hierarchical mechanism of trabecular surface remodeling from the microstructural level up to the apparent tissue level.
This Chapter was adapted from Tsubota et al. (2002) with permission from Elsevier.
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Kameo, Y., Tsubota, Ki., Adachi, T. (2018). Functional Adaptation of Cancellous Bone in Human Proximal Femur. In: Bone Adaptation. Frontiers of Biomechanics, vol 2. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56514-7_12
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