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The Car-Dependent Life

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Life-Oriented Behavioral Research for Urban Policy

Abstract

This chapter focuses on car dependence in people’s life. The authors first describe a new phenomenon about the decline in young people’s car ownership and usage by providing additional facts and insights based on literature review and a case study in Japan. Especially, the case study in Japan uses data from a longitudinal national household expenditure survey and confirmed that car ownership and usage decisions in Japan are more or less associated with decisions about other household expenditures. Second, recent research on shared mobility is reviewed from the perspective of smart use of cars. Third, existing studies on cars from the life-oriented consideration are described by looking at shopping behavior (both store-shopping and online shopping) and general purchasing behavior as well as electric vehicle ownership and usage. As for electric vehicles, the influence of lifestyle is explored. Fourth, car ownership and usage for an inclusive society are discussed, where low-income persons, children, and the elderly are focused on. Fifth, behavioral changes toward less dependence on car from a long-term perspective are illustrated. Finally, discussions on car dependence from the life-oriented perspective are given.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.mlit.go.jp/common/001032141.pdf (in Japanese) (Accessed February 25, 2016).

  2. 2.

    http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Population/ (Accessed February 20, 2016).

  3. 3.

    http://worlddatabaseofhappiness.eur.nl/ (Accessed February 21, 2016).

  4. 4.

    Car purchase costs were excluded because, for each buyer, they only pertained to one year. Hence, car usage costs included the costs for gasoline and insurance, etc.

  5. 5.

    http://jp.techcrunch.com/2015/09/09/dena-lanched-anyca-c2c-car-sharing-service/ (in Japanese; Accessed December 13, 2015).

  6. 6.

    Note that some studies show mixed effects of access to railway stations or bus stops based on land prices, such as Vessali (1996) and Debrezion et al. (2007).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

    Junyi Zhang & Makoto Chikaraishi

  2. Tottori University, Tottori, Japan

    Masashi Kuwano

  3. Kobe University, Kobe, Japan

    Hajime Seya

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  1. Junyi Zhang
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  3. Makoto Chikaraishi
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  4. Hajime Seya
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Correspondence to Junyi Zhang .

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  1. Hiroshima University , Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan

    Junyi Zhang

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Zhang, J., Kuwano, M., Chikaraishi, M., Seya, H. (2017). The Car-Dependent Life. In: Zhang, J. (eds) Life-Oriented Behavioral Research for Urban Policy. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56472-0_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56472-0_4

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