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Visualization of Intracellular Elements Using Scanning X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy

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Abstract

Recent technological developments have enabled the imaging of chemical elements in cells, although quantitative analyses, such as by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, were developed previously. Applications allowing high-resolution imaging at the single-cell level are anticipated in cell biology and medicine, where the roles of elements, especially in relation to intracellular molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and sugars, are essential for understanding cellular functions. The expression of proteins and genes varies depending on cellular function, and multiple elements are likely to be associated with biological molecules in the functioning of cell proliferation, differentiation, aging, and stress responses. In this review, we describe a scanning X-ray fluorescence microscopy system, which can reliably determine the cellular distribution of multiple elements by a sub-100-nm focusing approach, together with its applications. Visualizing intracellular elements and understanding their dynamics at the single-cell level may provide great insight into their behaviors.

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Acknowledgment

We would like to thank Tetsuya Ishikawa at RIKEN for providing advice and encouragement during this study. We also acknowledge the help of Akihiro Matsunaga at the NCGM for the measurements and analyses of images, Shotaro Hagiwara at the NCGM hospital for clinical studies, and Yoshinori Nishino at Hokkaido University and Yoshiki Kohmura at RIKEN for assistance with the beamline adjustment. This study was supported by CREST from the Japan Science and Technology Agency (MS, SM, LS); MS was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Research on Advanced Medical Technology, Ministry of Health, and Labor and Welfare of Japan; LS was supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship from the European Union (PIEF-GA-2012-329969).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Intractable Diseases, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan

    Mari Shimura

  2. RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan

    Mari Shimura & Lukasz Szyrwiel

  3. CNRS/UPPA, LCABIE, UMR5254, F-64053, Pau, France

    Lukasz Szyrwiel

  4. Department of Chemistry of Drugs, Wrocław Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-552, Wrocław, Poland

    Lukasz Szyrwiel

  5. Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Satoshi Matsuyama & Kazuto Yamauchi

Authors
  1. Mari Shimura
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  2. Lukasz Szyrwiel
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  3. Satoshi Matsuyama
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  4. Kazuto Yamauchi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mari Shimura .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

    Yasumitsu Ogra

  2. Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Takafumi Hirata

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Shimura, M., Szyrwiel, L., Matsuyama, S., Yamauchi, K. (2017). Visualization of Intracellular Elements Using Scanning X-Ray Fluorescence Microscopy. In: Ogra, Y., Hirata, T. (eds) Metallomics. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56463-8_3

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