Abstract
Although advance future avionics will enable full compliance with the given trajectory, there are many uncertainty sources that can deflect aircraft from their intended positions. In this article, we investigate potential of robust trajectory planning, considered as an additional demand management action, as a means to alleviate the en route congestion in airspace. Robust trajectory planning (RTP) involves generation of congestion-free trajectories with minimum operating cost taking into account uncertainty of trajectory prediction and unforeseen event. The model decision variables include ground delay, change of horizontal route, and vertical profile (flight level) to resolve congestion problem. The article introduces a novel approach for route generation (3D trajectory) based on homotopic feature of continuous functions. It is shown that this approach is capable of generating a large number of route shapes with a reasonable number of decision variables. RTP problem is modeled as a mixed-variable optimization problem, and it is solved using stochastic methods. The model is tested on a real-life example from the French airspace. The results indicate that, under certain conditions, at the expense of a small increase of total planned costs, it is possible to increase robustness of the proposed solution providing a good alternative to the solutions given by existing conflict-free trajectory planning models.
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Notes
- 1.
Routes have to be continuously differential, non-singular, etc.
- 2.
Symmetric reference functions have been selected so that the direct route, that is taken as nominal in this research, could be recovered.
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Acknowledgements
The research of this work has been supported by research grants of the Ministry of Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia, through projects of the Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering funded under the 2011–2014 research programs in technological development: Project TR36033, “A support to sustainable development of the Republic of Serbia’s air transport system.”
The authors would like to thank Supatcha Chaimatanan whose programming code is used as a basis for the development of the optimization model, the French Civil Aviation University (ENAC) for providing traffic data, and especially Cyril Allignol for his assistance in CATS data manipulation. The authors are also immensely grateful to Professor Marcel Mongeau (ENAC) for the review of the manuscript and his valuable comments.
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Vidosavljevic, A., Delahaye, D., Tosic, V. (2017). Homotopy Route Generation Model for Robust Trajectory Planning. In: Electronic Navigation Research Institute (eds) Air Traffic Management and Systems II. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 420. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56423-2_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56423-2_4
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