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Potential Therapeutic Natural Products for the Treatment of Obesity-Associated Chronic Inflammation by Targeting TLRs and Inflammasomes

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Abstract

Obesity-associated chronic inflammation is a key event to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent advances in deciphering the various immune cells and signalling networks that link the immune system and metabolic system have contributed to our understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity-associated chronic inflammation. Recent studies have suggested that pattern recognition receptors in the innate immune system recognise various kinds of endogenous ligands, and play a crucial role in initiating or promoting obesity-associated chronic inflammation. These findings have also informed new therapeutic strategies based on immunomodulation. Chinese herbal medicines have been used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian countries. With the rapid advancement of novel technologies and the increased research on natural products, many new plant-derived extracts and active compounds have been identified to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects. Here we overview natural products that inhibit activation of pattern recognition receptors, particularly Toll-like receptors and inflammasomes, as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of obesity-associated chronic inflammation. We also discuss molecular mechanisms by which the natural products regulate pattern recognition receptors, with a particular focus on our findings regarding unique compounds of Glycyrrhiza uralensis.

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Acknowledgment

We thank all members of our laboratories in University of Toyama and Toyama Prefectural Institute for Pharmaceutical Research for their helpful discussions. We also sincerely thank Toyama Prefecture for supporting our laboratory.

This work was supported by grants from Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 25870257 to Y.W., 24590577 to Y.N., 15K07960 to H.H. and 24390119 to K.T.), JST, PRESTO (Y.N.), Hokuriku Innovation Cluster for Health Science, MEXT Regional Innovation Cluster Program, Toyama/Ishikawa Region (K.T.), Hokuriku Life Science Cluster, MEXT Regional Innovation Strategy Support Program (K.T.), and First Bank of Toyama Scholarship Foundation (Y.W.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunobiology and Pharmacological Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan

    Yoshinori Nagai, Hiroe Honda, Yasuharu Watanabe & Kiyoshi Takatsu

  2. PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan

    Yoshinori Nagai

  3. Toyama Prefectural Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, 17-1 Nakataikouyama, Imizu City, Toyama, 939-0363, Japan

    Hiroe Honda & Kiyoshi Takatsu

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  1. Yoshinori Nagai
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  2. Hiroe Honda
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  3. Yasuharu Watanabe
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  4. Kiyoshi Takatsu
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Correspondence to Yoshinori Nagai or Kiyoshi Takatsu .

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  1. Interdisciplinary Program for Biomedical Sciences Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan

    Masayuki Miyasaka

  2. Department of Immunobiology and Pharmacological Genetics Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan

    Kiyoshi Takatsu

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Nagai, Y., Honda, H., Watanabe, Y., Takatsu, K. (2016). Potential Therapeutic Natural Products for the Treatment of Obesity-Associated Chronic Inflammation by Targeting TLRs and Inflammasomes. In: Miyasaka, M., Takatsu, K. (eds) Chronic Inflammation. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56068-5_30

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