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Mechanisms of Lysosomal Exocytosis by Immune Cells

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Chronic Inflammation

Abstract

Lysosomal exocytosis is an essential process to regulate various immune responses. Many cells of immune systems have cell-specific secretory lysosomes, which are secreted in response to external stimuli, including neutrophil azurophil granules, platelet dense granules, eosinophil granules, basophil and mast cell histamine granules, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) lytic granules. On the other hand, phagocytes such as macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells contain many conventional lysosomes, which fuse with phagosomes to degrade the engulfed particles, and then the waste materials are expelled by lysosomal exocytosis. A failure of this process can lead to accumulation of waste materials, which in turn may aberrantly activate the phagocytes. Recent studies have identified various proteins that regulate the lysosomal exocytosis, and their dysfunctions were shown to cause several genetic immune disorders. This chapter highlights the current understandings of the molecular mechanisms of lysosomal exocytosis by immune cells and their relevance to the development of chronic inflammation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Immune Network, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Ji-hoon Song & Rikinari Hanayama

  2. Department of Immunology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, 13-1 Takara, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan

    Rikinari Hanayama

  3. PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, 332-0012, Japan

    Rikinari Hanayama

Authors
  1. Ji-hoon Song
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  2. Rikinari Hanayama
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Correspondence to Rikinari Hanayama .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Program for Biomedical Sciences Institute for Academic Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan

    Masayuki Miyasaka

  2. Department of Immunobiology and Pharmacological Genetics Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan

    Kiyoshi Takatsu

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Song, Jh., Hanayama, R. (2016). Mechanisms of Lysosomal Exocytosis by Immune Cells. In: Miyasaka, M., Takatsu, K. (eds) Chronic Inflammation. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56068-5_29

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