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Dendrites pp 467–487Cite as

Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Placement and Functional Implications

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Abstract

Synaptic transmission between neurons is the basic unit of communication in neural circuits. The relative number and distribution of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs across individual dendrites and neurons are the hardware of local dendritic and cellular computations. In this chapter, we discuss the structural and functional observations that have guided the understanding of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic organization across the neuronal arbor, the subcellular targeting properties of different neuronal subtypes, and the effects of synaptic placement on local integration within dendritic segments. We focus primarily on the adult mammalian cortex and hippocampus, where excitatory and inhibitory cell types, their connectivity, and its functional implications have been best characterized.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Katherine L. Villa & Elly Nedivi

  2. Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Katherine L. Villa & Elly Nedivi

  3. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Elly Nedivi

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  1. Katherine L. Villa
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  2. Elly Nedivi
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Correspondence to Elly Nedivi .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Kazuo Emoto

  2. Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Rachel Wong

  3. Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA

    Eric Huang

  4. Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Casper Hoogenraad

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Villa, K.L., Nedivi, E. (2016). Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Placement and Functional Implications. In: Emoto, K., Wong, R., Huang, E., Hoogenraad, C. (eds) Dendrites. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56050-0_18

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