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Control of TG Functions Depending on Their Localization

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Transglutaminases

Abstract

One of the unique characteristics of the transglutaminase (TG) family enzymes is multiple distribution of the members. It is known that TGs exist in the cytosol, plasma membrane, nucleus, and mitochondria, as well as outside cells, being associated with the extracellular matrix and being secreted into tissue fluids or blood circulation. Depending on where TGs locate, their molecular conformation is altered, and they exert multiple biological activities. Furthermore, their localization and thus their activities are changed in pathological situations, which is highly associated with progression of many diseases, including thrombotic disease, immune diseases including celiac disease, skin diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, hepatic diseases, fibrotic diseases and cancers.

This chapter summarizes information on distribution of TGs in various intracellular compartments and extracellular milieus, control of the activity of TGs depending on where they are, and molecular mechanisms by which TGs localize to specific compartments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Micro-Signaling Regulation Technology Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan

    Yutaka Furutani Ph.D. & Soichi Kojima Ph.D.

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  1. Yutaka Furutani Ph.D.
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  2. Soichi Kojima Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Soichi Kojima Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Grad Sch of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

    Kiyotaka Hitomi

  2. Micro-Signaling Regulation Technol. Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Sci. Technologies, Wako, Saitama, Japan

    Soichi Kojima

  3. Dept. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

    Laszlo Fesus

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Furutani, Y., Kojima, S. (2015). Control of TG Functions Depending on Their Localization. In: Hitomi, K., Kojima, S., Fesus, L. (eds) Transglutaminases. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55825-5_2

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