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Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Clinical Applications of Magnetoencephalography

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Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a set of heterogeneous neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by early-onset difficulties in social communication and unusually restricted, repetitive behavior and interests. There has been substantial recent research on ASD. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is used in ASD research for its noninvasive nature of recordings and for its excellent temporal and spatial resolution. The number of MEG-based ASD studies in children is increasing with larger study groups. Furthermore, the analyses are becoming more sophisticated. Research over the last several decades using MEG has identified consistent atypical electrophysiological signatures of ASD, indicating common neural circuit disruptions, such as reduced long-range resting-state neural connectivity. In addition, auditory processing MEG signatures, such as middle-latency response (M50/M100) and gamma-band oscillatory activity, hold particular promise in the study and treatment of ASD and as candidate biomarkers of ASD. With the development of MEG customized for a child’s head, some studies even include children younger than 3 years of age. Thus, future studies investigating these MEG signatures across developmental stages are expected to reveal the underlying neurobiology of ASD and may uncover new avenues of treatments for ASD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashicho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan

    Hidetoshi Takahashi M.D., Ph.D. & Yoko Kamio M.D., Ph.D.

  2. Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashicho, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551, Japan

    Hidetoshi Takahashi M.D., Ph.D.

  3. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan

    Shozo Tobimatsu M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Hidetoshi Takahashi M.D., Ph.D.
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  2. Yoko Kamio M.D., Ph.D.
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  3. Shozo Tobimatsu M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Hidetoshi Takahashi M.D., Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan

    Shozo Tobimatsu

  2. Natl. Inst. for Physiological Scien, Dept. of Integrative Physiology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan

    Ryusuke Kakigi

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Takahashi, H., Kamio, Y., Tobimatsu, S. (2016). Autism Spectrum Disorder. In: Tobimatsu, S., Kakigi, R. (eds) Clinical Applications of Magnetoencephalography. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55729-6_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55729-6_13

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