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Drosophila: A Model for Studying Prostaglandin Signaling

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Bioactive Lipid Mediators

Abstract

Prostaglandin (PG) synthesis and signaling are conserved in Drosophila melanogaster. PGs are produced downstream of cyclooxygenase or COX enzymes, the targets of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Almost 20 years ago, biochemical studies suggested that Drosophila possess COX activity. Recent efforts utilizing a combination of pharmacological and genetic approaches revealed that PGs have critical functions in Drosophila oogenesis or follicle development. Pxt was identified as the COX-like enzyme and is required for multiple aspects of female fertility, including temporal regulation of both gene expression and actin cytoskeletal remodeling. Here we review the PG synthesis and signaling machinery, the evidence for PG activity in Drosophila, the roles of PGs in flies, primarily focused on oogenic activities, and the conservation of PG function in higher animals. We also point out how studies on PGs in a genetic model system, such as flies, can significantly advance our understanding of the molecular actions of PGs.

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  1. Andrew J. Spracklen

    Present address: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA

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  1. Anatomy and Cell Biology Department, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA

    Andrew J. Spracklen & Tina L. Tootle

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Correspondence to Tina L. Tootle .

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  1. Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

    Takehiko Yokomizo

  2. Lipid Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan

    Makoto Murakami

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Spracklen, A.J., Tootle, T.L. (2015). Drosophila: A Model for Studying Prostaglandin Signaling. In: Yokomizo, T., Murakami, M. (eds) Bioactive Lipid Mediators. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55669-5_13

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