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Nanoparticle-Based Specific Targeting of Antigen-Presenting Cells for Immunotherapy

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Engineered Cell Manipulation for Biomedical Application

Part of the book series: Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology ((NANOMED))

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Abstract

This chapter will address the use of polymeric nanoparticles as immunomodulators and drug delivery systems that specifically target human antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Providing APCs with either activating or inhibitory signals in parallel to antigenic stimulation enables modulation of immune responses and is an attractive approach in immunotherapy. Poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles have a potent intrinsic immune stimulatory capacity and trigger dendritic cell (DC) maturation accompanied by upregulation of costimulatory molecules and secretion of T cell-polarizing cytokines. This chapter discusses two different approaches that specifically target APCs, using either allergen- or antibody-loaded poly(γ-glutamic acid) nanoparticles for the purpose of developing novel immunotherapeutic regimens for allergy or cancer, respectively. For instance, loaded nanoparticles can protect the allergen from degradation and enhance internalization and subsequent presentation to specific T cells, while inducing polarizing cytokine responses. Nanoparticles can also be used as focused delivery devices of therapeutic antibodies, relevant for cancer immunotherapy, which enables hyper cross-linking of receptors and enhancement of antitumor responses. Thus, polymeric nanoparticles have several beneficial features that warrant further investigation of their suitability as components of novel immunotherapeutic strategies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, 223 81, Lund, Sweden

    Malin Lindstedt & Sissela Broos

Authors
  1. Malin Lindstedt
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  2. Sissela Broos
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Correspondence to Malin Lindstedt .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    Misturu Akashi

  2. Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    Takami Akagi

  3. Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    Michiya Matsusaki

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Lindstedt, M., Broos, S. (2014). Nanoparticle-Based Specific Targeting of Antigen-Presenting Cells for Immunotherapy. In: Akashi, M., Akagi, T., Matsusaki, M. (eds) Engineered Cell Manipulation for Biomedical Application. Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55139-3_13

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