Abstract
Metals, resins and ceramics are used as bio-medical materials that enhance bodily functions due to bone and joint related illness are an important market for ceramics. The characteristics of ceramics vary widely depending on the area of usage. Bio-medical related ceramic products that are used in bones and joints are introduced in this section.
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- 1.
Note 20.1 It is free of toxicity and does not cause xenobiotic reactions such as loculation, tissue inflammation and destruction.
- 2.
Note 20.2 The phenomenon where the transplanted material bonds directly with bone tissue without the intervention of soft tissue.
- 3.
Note 20.3 Chemical reactions caused by physical energy. The reactants are mixed and react in a rotary ball mill. This technique utilizes the energy generated from collisions of ceramic balls against one another for chemical reaction.
- 4.
Note 20.4 Observation by microscopes. Lesions, etc. can be observed at the cell level or the tissue level.
- 5.
Note 20.5 Multinucleated giant cells containing several to several tens of nucleus. The cells absorb old bone in bone tissues and release proteins that promote bone formation.
- 6.
Note 20.6 Cells that form bones in bone tissues.
- 7.
Note 20.7 Drug delivery system. The technology used to deliver drugs to the target area effectively and intensively.
- 8.
Note 20.8 Scaffold used to promote the multiplication of cells.
- 9.
Note 20.9 Hard and dense bones that constitute the surface layer of bones.
- 10.
Note 20.10 Bones that are structured like a sponge and constitute the internal portion of bones.
- 11.
Note 20.11 Calcium phosphate compound expressed as Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. It is the major component of minerals in vertebrate bones. Artificially synthesized ceramics feature excellent biocompatibility with living bodies and are used widely in living bodies.
- 12.
Note 20.12 It is also called bioactive. It is the property of a material that bonds directly with bones when it is implanted in bones. In contrast, the materials that contact directly with bones but do not bond with bones are bioinert.
- 13.
Note 20.13 The term originally means “insertion” or “placement,” but it indicates a dental implant in many cases. In particular, “dental implant” is used as a synonym of dental implants.
- 14.
Note 20.14 Quality of life is a term of measurement on how fulfilling and satisfactory one’s life is.
- 15.
Note 20.15 Material properties that are friendly to living bodies and prevent the material from being detected as foreign to the human body. Materials used to produce artificial joints are required to be evaluated for biocompatibility so as to ensure safety.
- 16.
Note 20.16 Used to restore crowns on natural teeth. Made of a single ceramic material or ceramic and metallic materials.
- 17.
Note 20.17 Teeth in the center of upper and lower jaws, four in total.
- 18.
Note 20.18 Stands for computer-aided design/computer-aided(-assisted)manufacturing. Under the CAD/CAM system, technology information covering the entire processes from designing to manufacturing is processed effectively by computers.
- 19.
Note 20.19 When multiple teeth are lost, artificial teeth are fixed by using adjacent unaffected teeth as supports in a manner similar to a bridge so as to recover function..
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The Ceramic Society of Japan. (2012). Bio-Medical Related Products. In: Advanced Ceramic Technologies & Products. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54108-0_20
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54108-0_20
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