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Computational Biomechanics pp 87–140Cite as

Mechanics of Biofluids and Computational Analysis

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Part of the book series: A First Course in “In Silico Medicine” ((FCISM,volume 3))

Abstract

The behavior of fluid that accounts for approximately 60% of our body weight obeys the principles of fluid mechanics. A fluid has no preferred shape. It cannot withstand any tendency by applied forces to deform it in a way which leaves the volume unchanged. It may be liquid or gas. Gases can be compressed more readily; motions appreciable pressure results in much larger changes in density than in a liquid.

In order to predict internal and external flows in the field of an interest, we often rely on numerical methods rather than analytical approaches. As the problem is more practical (i.e., three-dimensional, non-Newtonian, unsteady and interaction with solid objects), it becomes more difficult to idealize situations such that analytical approaches can be used. The widespread availability of powerful computers together with efficient solution algorithms and sophisticated pre- and post-processing facilities enable the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In fact, research in the field of biofluid has been highly progressed since the 1990s when computers become available at a low cost. Many investigators including us started from fairly simple objects to quite complicated system and widened the horizon of the computational research not only for fundamental understandings but also for direct or indirect clinical applications.

While the users who started their research career from 1990s had a long learning curve with developments of CFD and are aware of limitations and problems in applying CFD to biofluid problems, new users who just abruptly dived into the highly-developed world of CFD do not always get the sufficient amount of time to obtain the fundamentals of fluid dynamics and of the numerical skills used in CFD. Thus they often face difficulties in applying CFD to biofluid problems. This chapter intends to help those readers understand fundamentals of fluid mechanics and the theoretical background required for the effective use of CFD in biofluid problems. For more advanced readers, this chapter describes issues and problems in dealing with biofluid problems in silico.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan

    Masao Tanaka & Shigeo Wada

  2. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama, Japan

    Masanori Nakamura

Authors
  1. Masao Tanaka
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  2. Shigeo Wada
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  3. Masanori Nakamura
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Correspondence to Masao Tanaka .

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Tanaka, M., Wada, S., Nakamura, M. (2012). Mechanics of Biofluids and Computational Analysis. In: Computational Biomechanics. A First Course in “In Silico Medicine”, vol 3. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54073-1_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54073-1_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Tokyo

  • Print ISBN: 978-4-431-54072-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-4-431-54073-1

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