Auszug
Kognitive Trägheit beschreibt die Unfähigkeit von Top- Managern, auf Veränderungen der Unternehmensumwelt durch eine entsprechende Anpassung und Aktualisierung ihrer strategischen Schemata zu reagieren (Hodgkinson 1997; Hodgkinson/Wright 2002; Reger/Palmer 1996). Empirische Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass kognitive Trägheit organisationales Handeln verzögern und zu geringerer organisationaler Leistung führen kann (Barr 1998; Barr/Huff 1997; Barr/Stimpert/Huff 1992; Sull 1999; Tripsas/Gavetti 2000). Diese Studien belegen zwar die Auswirkungen kognitiver Trägheit, bieten jedoch wenig Einblick in die Prozesse und Determinanten, die zu kognitiver Trägheit führen, d. h. warum und unter welchen Umständen Top Manager nicht in der Lage sind, ihre strategischen Schemata an die sich verändernde Umwelt anzupassen. Darüber hinaus offerieren sie kaum Empfehlungen, mit welchen Fähigkeiten und Methoden Top-Manager kognitiver Trägheit vorbeugen oder sie überwinden können.
Überarbeitete und erweiterte Zusammenfassung des Beitrags „Using reflective sensemaking to prevent cognitive inertia“, der im 3. Band des Jahrbuchs „Strategisches Kompetenz-Management“ 2008/09 erscheint.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Barr, P. S./ Stimpert, J. L./ Huff, A. S. (1992): Cognitive Change, Strategic Action, and Organizational Renewal. In: Strategic Management Journal, 13: 15–36.
Barr, P. S./ Huff, A. S. (1997): Seeing isn’t believing: Understanding diversity in the timing of strategic response. In: Journal of Management Studies, 34: 337–370.
Barr, P. S. (1998): Adapting to unfamiliar environmental events: A look at the evolution of interpretation and its role in strategic change. In: Organization Science, 9: 644–669.
Bogner, W. C./ Barr, P. S. (2000): Making sense in hypercompetitive environments: A cognitive explanation for the persistence of high velocity competition. In: Organization Science, 11: 212–226.
Burt, G./ van der Heijden, K. (2003): First steps: towards purposeful activities in scenario thinking and future studies. In: Futures, 35: 1011–1026.
Busby, J. S. (1999): The effectiveness of collective retrospection as a mechanism of organizational learning. In: The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 35: 109–129.
Chaiken, S./ Trope, Y. (Eds.). (1999): Dual-process theories in social psychology. New York: Guilford.
Chattopadhyay, P./ Glick, W. H./ Miller, C. C./ Huber, G. P. (1999). Determinants of executive beliefs: Comparing functional conditioning and social influence. In: Strategic Management Journal, 20: 763–789.
Crocker, J./ Fiske, S. T./ Taylor, S. E. (1984): Schematic Bases of Belief Change. In R. J. Eiser (Ed.), Attitudinal Judgement: 197–226. New York: Springer.
Daft, R. L./ Weick, K. E. (1984): Toward a Model of Organizations as Interpretation Systems. Academy of Management Review, 9: 284–295.
Eden, C./ Ackermann, F./ Cropper, S. (1992): The Analysis of Cause Maps. Journal of Management Studies, 29: 309–324.
Ellis, S./ Davidi, I. (2005) After-event reviews: Drawing lessons from successful and failed experience. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90: 857–871.
Fiske, S. T./ Taylor, S. E. (1991): Social Cognition (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Grinyer, P. H. (2000): A cognitive approach to group strategic decision taking: a discussion of evolved practice in the light of received research results. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 51: 21–35.
Hambrick, D. C./ Mason, P. A. (1984): Upper Echelons-the Organization as a Reflection of Its Top Managers. Academy of Management Review, 9: 193–206.
Hodgkinson, G. P./ Johnson, G. (1994): Exploring the Mental Models of Competitive Strategists-the Case for a Processual Approach. Journal of Management Studies, 31: 525–551.
Hodgkinson, G. P. (1997): Cognitive inertia in a turbulent market: The case of UK residential estate agents. Journal of Management Studies, 34: 921–945.
Hodgkinson, G. P./ Wright, G. (2002): Confronting Strategic Inertia in a Top Management Team: Learning from Failure. Organization Studies, 23: 949–977.
Hodgkinson, G. P./ Whittington, R./ Johnson, G./ Schwarz, M. (2006): The role of strategy workshops in strategy development processes: Formality, communication, coordination and inclusion. Long Range Planning, 39: 479–496.
Kiesler, S./ Sproull, L. (1982): Managerial Response to Changing Environments-Perspectives on Problem Sensing from Social Cognition. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27: 548–570.
Klimoski, R./ Mohammed, S. (1994): Team mental model: construct or metaphor? Journal of Management, 20: 403–437.
Lant, T. K./ Milliken, F. J./ Batra, B. (1992): The Role of Managerial Learning and Interpretation in Strategic Persistence and Reorientation-an Empirical Exploration. Strategic Management Journal, 13: 585–608.
Louis, M. R./ Sutton, R. I. (1991): Switching Cognitive Gears: From Habits of Mind to Active Thinking. Human Relations, 44: 55–76.
Lyles, M. A./ Schwenk, C. R. (1992): Top Management, Strategy and Organizational Knowledge Structures. Journal of Management Studies, 29: 155–174.
Mezias, J. M./ Grinyer, P./ Guth, W. D. (2001): Changing collective cognition: A process model for strategic change. Long Range Planning, 34: 71–95.
Nadkarni, S./ Narayanan, V. K. (2007): Strategic schemas, strategic flexibility, and firm performance: the moderating role of industry clockspeed. Strategic Management Journal, 28: 243–270.
Nystrom, P. C./ Starbuck, W. H. (1984): To Avoid Organizational Crises, Unlearn. Organizational Dynamics, 12: 53–65.
Prahalad, C. K./ Bettis, R. A. (1986): The dominant logic: A new linkage between diversity and performance. Strategic Management Journal, 7: 485–501.
Reger, R. K./ Palmer, T. B. (1996): Managerial categorization of competitors: Using old maps to navigate new environments. Organization Science, 7: 22–39.
Shoemaker, P. J. H. (1995): Scenario Planning: A Tool for Strategic Thinking. Sloan Management Review, 36: 25–40.
Starbuck, W. H./ Milliken, F. J. (1988): Executives perceptual filters: What they notice and how they make sense. In D. C. Hambrick (Ed.), The Executive Effect: Concepts and Methods for Studying Top Managers: 35–65. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Sull, D. N. (1999) The dynamics of standing still: Firestone Tire/Rubber and the radial revolution. Business History Review, 73: 430–464.
Sutcliffe, K. M./ Huber, G. P. (1998): Firm and industry as determinants of executive perceptions of the environment. Strategic Management Journal, 19: 793–807.
Taylor, S. E./ Crocker, J. (1981): Schematic bases of social information processing. In E. T. Higgins/ C. P. Herman/ M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Social Cognition. The Ontario Symposium: 89–134. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum.
Thomas, J. B./ Clark, S. M./ Gioia, D. A. (1993): Strategic Sensemaking and Organizational Performance-Linkages among Scanning, Interpretation, Action, and Outcomes. Academy of Management Journal, 36: 239–270.
Tripsas, M./ Gavetti, G. (2000): Capabilities, cognition, and inertia: Evidence from digital imaging. Strategic Management Journal, 21: 1147–1161.
Van der Heijden, K. (1996): Scenarios. The art of strategic conversation. Chichester: John Wiley.
Vashdi, D. R./ Bamberger, P. A./ Erez M./ Weiss-Meilik, A. (2007): Briefing-debriefing: Using a reflexive organizational learning model from the military to enhance the performance of surgical teams. Human Resource Management, 46: 115–142.
Walsh, J. P. (1995) Managerial and organizational cognition. Organization Science, 6: 280–321.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Betriebswirtschaftlicher Verlag Dr. Th. Gabler | GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Frost, J., Westermayer, T. (2008). Reflexives Sensemaking zur Überwindung kognitiver Trägheit (Abstract). In: Eisenkopf, A., Opitz, C., Proff, H. (eds) Strategisches Kompetenz-Management in der Betriebswirtschaftslehre. Gabler. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8350-5570-4_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8350-5570-4_6
Publisher Name: Gabler
Print ISBN: 978-3-8350-0788-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-8350-5570-4
eBook Packages: Business and Economics (German Language)