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Ausländische Direktinvestitionen pp 213–236Cite as

Auslandsdirektinvestitionen im Finanzsektor Osteuropas Treiber für Wirtschaftswachstum, Effizienz und Unternehmensentwicklung?

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Nach der Überwindung der Planwirtschaft in den mittel- und osteuropäischen Ländern (MOEL1) waren deren Banken ineffizient und mit einem großen Volumen an faulen Krediten belastet. Kapital war bei gleichzeitig niedriger Produktivität knapp. Der Zustrom zusätzlichen Kapitals, insbesondere durch Auslandsdirektinvestitionen (FDI) sollte Abhilfe schaffen (vgl. Goldberg, 2004; Mihaljek, 2006). Im Finanzsektor führte die zunehmende Sättigung der westeuropäischen Märkte, sowie das starke Wachstumspotential der MOEL zu hohen FDI im Finanzsektor (FSFDI). Als größter Wettbewerbsvorteil der Auslandsbanken gegenüber heimischen Banken gilt die höhere Effizienz beim unternehmensinternen Prozessmanagement und bei der Finanzdienstleistungsabwicklung. Unter der Annahme höherer Effizienz von Auslandsbanken gilt es zu beantworten, ob sich FSFDI positiv auf die Wirtschaft und Unternehmen der Gastlän der auswirken. Während frühere Forschung sich dieser Fragestellung empirisch gewidmet hat (Eller, Haiss und Steiner 2006), betrachtet dieser Artikel die Auswirkungen auf das Management von Auslandsbanken (besonders bei Übernahmen und Akquisitionen; M&As). Basierend auf dem OLI Konzept von Dunning (1991), das von drei Erfolgsfaktoren (Wettbewerbsvorteile (ownership - O); Standortvorteile (location - L) und Internalisierungsvorteile (internalisation -I)) ausgeht, identifiziert der vorliegende Artikel Erfolgsfaktoren von Auslandsbanken in den MOEL, die zu einer erhöhten Effizienz im Finanzsektor führen können. In Bezug auf Levine (1996) und Eller et al. (2006) werden die Auswirkungen auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung der mittel- und osteuropäischen Gastländer analysiert, sowie urn betriebswirtschaftliche Aspekte, längere Zeitreihen und ein breiteres Ländersample erweitert.

Dank gilt dem Jubiläumsfonds der Oesterreichischen Nationalbank und den Hinweisen von Harald Badinger, Xiaoqiang Cheng, Gerhard Fink, Emilia Jurzyk, Robert Kunst, Olaf N. Rank, Reinhard Moser, Dušan Mramor, Márton Nagy, Paul Wachtel und Martin Wagner.

Im folgenden Artikel wird die Abkürzung MOEL (MOEL-11) verwendet. Diese inkludiert die zehn neuen EU-Mitgliedsstaaten aus Mittel- und Osteuropa (Tschechische Republik (CZ), Ungarn (HU), Polen (PL), Slowenien (Sl), Slowakei (SK), Estland (EE), Lettland (LV), Litauen (LT), Bulgarien (BG), Rumänien (RO)), sowie das Kandidatenland Kroatien (HR). Die Definition Südosteuropa inkludiert auch Albanien (AL), Bosnien-Herzegowina (BIH), die (frühere Jugoslawische) Republik Mazedonien (MK), Serbien und Montenegro (SCG).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Europainstitut, WirtschaftsUniversität Wien, Wien

    Katharina Steiner & Univ.Doz.Dr. Peter Haiss MBA (UIUC) (Lektor)

  2. Centre for Economic and Financial Research (CEFIR), New Economic School (NES), Moskau

    Markus Eller

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  1. Katharina Steiner
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  2. Univ.Doz.Dr. Peter Haiss MBA (UIUC)
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  3. Markus Eller
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Außenhandels und Vorstand des Departments für Welthandel, Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien, Wien

    Reinhard Moser (Professor für Betriebswirtschaftslehre) (Professor für Betriebswirtschaftslehre)

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Steiner, K., Haiss, P., Eller, M. (2008). Auslandsdirektinvestitionen im Finanzsektor Osteuropas Treiber für Wirtschaftswachstum, Effizienz und Unternehmensentwicklung?. In: Moser, R. (eds) Ausländische Direktinvestitionen. Gabler. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-9626-8_10

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