Zusammenfassung
Auf der Grundlage der Forschung der letzten Jahrzehnte, beginnend mit der Darstellung erweiterter Ventrikel mittels Pneumenzephalographie [25], ist es inzwischen unumstritten, dass bei Patientinnen mit Schizophrenie — insbesondere bei chronischem Verlauf — diskret bis mäßig ausgeprägte morphologische Veränderungen von Hirnstrukturen vorliegen. Vor allem bildgebende Verfahren ermöglichen eine In-vivo-Erfassung dieser strukturellen Veränderungen, die konsistent nachweisbar sind, jedoch in weit geringerer Ausprägung als bei neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen wie z.B. der Alzheimer-Demenz. In Vergleichsuntersuchungen schizophrener Patientinnen mit gesunden Kontrollpersonen finden sich daher häufig widersprüchliche Befunde hinsichtlich der Morphologie, insbesondere in Abhängigkeit vom Krankheitsstadium, dessen Einfluss auf die strukturellen Veränderungen letztendlich noch nicht vollständig geklärt ist.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Aboitiz F, Scheibel AB, Fisher RS, Zaidel E (1992) Fiber composition of the human corpus callosum. Brain Res 598:143–153
Andreasen NC, Cohen G, Harris G, Cizadlo T, Parkkinen J, Rezai K, Swayze VW IL (1992) Image processing for the study of brain structure and function: problems and programs. Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 4:125–133
Andreasen NC, Flashman L, Flaum M, Arndt S, Swayze V 2nd, O’Leary DS, Ehrhardt JC, Yuh WT (1994) Regional brain abnormalities in schizophrenia measured with magnetic resonance imaging. JAMA 272:1763–1769
Andreasen NC, O’Leary DS, Cizadlo T, Arndt S, Rezai K, Boles Ponto LL, Watkins GL, Hichwa RD (1996) Schizophrenia and cognitive dysmetria: a positron-emission tomography study of dysfunctional prefrontal-thalamic-cerebellar circuitry. Proc Nat Acad Sei USA 93:9985–9990
Andreasen NC, O’Leary DS, Paradiso S, Cizadlo T, Arndt S, Watkins GL, Ponto LL, Hichwa RD (1999) The cerebellum plays a role in conscious episodic memory retrieval. Hum Brain Mapp 8: 226–234
Bachmann S, Pantel J, Flender A, Bottmer C, Essig M, Schröder J (2003) Corpus callosum in first-episode patients with schizophrenia — a magnetic resonance imaging study. Psychol Med 36: 1019–1027
Bertolino A, Esposito G, Callicott JH, Mattay VS, Horn JD van, Frank JA, Berman KF, Weinberger DR (2000) Specific relationship between prefrontal neuronal N-acetylaspartate and activation of working memory cortical network in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 157: 26–33
Bogerts B, Ashtari M, Degreef G, Alvir JM, Bilder RM, Lieberman JA (1990) Reduced temporal limbic structure volumes on magnetic resonance images in first episode schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 35: 1–13
Bottmer C, Bachmann S, Pantel J, Essig M, Amann M, Schad LR, Magnotta V, Schröder J (2004) Reduced cerebellar volume and neurological soft signs in first-episode schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res (in press)
Buchanan RW, Breier A, Kirkpatrick B, Elkashef A, Munson RC, Gellad F, Carpenter WT Jr. (1993) Structural abnormalities in deficit and nondeficit schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 150: 59–65
Cannon TC, Mednick SA, Parnas J (1989) Genetic and perinatal determinants of structural brain deficits in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 46: 883–889
Clarke RM, Zaidel E (1994) Anatomical-behavioral relationships: corpus callosum morphometry and hemispheric specialization. Behav Brain Res 64:185–202
Chua SE, Sharma T, Takei N, Murray RM, Woodruff PW (2000) A magnetic resonance imaging study of corpus callosum size in familial schizophrenic subjects, their relatives, and normal controls. Schizophr Res 41:397–403
Corson PW, Nopoulos P, Miller DD, Arndt S, Andreasen NC (1999) Change in basal ganglia volume over 2 years in patients with schizophrenia: typical versus atypical neuroleptics. Am J Psychiatry 156:1200–1204
Crow TJ (1998) Schizophrenia is a transcallosal misconnection syndrome. Schizophr Res 30: 111–114
De Lacoste MC, Adesanya T, Woodward DJ (1990) Measures of gender differences in the human brain and their relationship to brain weight. Biol Psychiatry 28:931–942
DeLisi LE, Stritzke PH, Holan V, Anand A, Boccio A, Kuschner M, Riordan H, McClelland J, VanEyle O (1991) Brain morphological changes in 1st episode cases of schizophrenia: are they progressive? Schizophr Res 5:206–208
DeLisi LE, Tew W, Xie S, Hoff AL, Sakuma M, Kushner M, Lee G, Shedlack K, Smith AM, Grimson R (1995) A prospective follow-up study of brain morphology and cognition in first-episode schizophrenic patients: preliminary findings. Biol Psychiatry 38:349–360
DeLisi LE, Sakuma M, Kushner M, Finer DL, Hoff AL, Crow TJ (1997) Anomalous cerebral asymmetry and language processing in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 23:255–271
Downhill JE, Buchsbaum MS, Wie T, Spiegel-Cohen J, Hazlett EA, Haznedar MM, Silverman J, Siever LJ (2000) Shape and size of the corpus callosum in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder. Schizophr Res 42:193–208
Flaum M, Swayze VW 2nd, O’Leary DS, Yuh WT, Ehrhardt JC, Arndt SV, Andreasen NC (1995) Effects of diagnosis, laterality, and gender on brain morphology in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 152: 704–714
Flor-Henry P (1978) Gender, hemispheric specialization and psychopathology. Soc Sei Med 12B:155–162
Goldman-Rakic P (1994) Cerebral cortical mechanisms in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacol 10(Suppl 3): 22–27
Gur RE, Maany V, Mozley PD, Swanson C, Bilker W, Gur RC (1998) Subcortical MRI volumes in neuroleptic-naive and treated patients with schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 155:1711–1717
Hoff AL, Neal C, Kushner M, DeLisi LE (1994) Gender differences in corpus callosum size in first-episode schizophrenics. Biol Psychiatry 35: 913–919
Holloway RL, Anderson PJ, Defendini R, Harper C (1993) Sexual dimorphism of the human corpus callosum from three independent samples: relative size of the corpus callosum. Am J Phys Anthropol 92: 481–498
Huber G (1957) Pneumencephalographische und psychopathologische Bilder bei endogenen Psychosen. Springer, Berlin, Göttingen, Heidelberg
Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA (1987) The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 13: 261–276
Meisenzahl EM, Frodl T, Greiner J, Leinsinger G, Maag KP, Heiss D, Hahn K, Hegerl U, Möller HJ (1999) Corpus callosum size in schizophrenia — a magnetic resonance imaging analysis. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 249: 305–312
Nasrallah HA, Andreasen NC, Coffman JA, Olson SC, Dunn VD, Ehrhardt JC, Chapman SM (1986) A controlled magnetic resonance imaging study of corpus callosum thickness in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 21: 274–282
Nasrallah HA, Schwarzkopf SB, Olson SC, Coffman JA (1990) Gender differences in schizophrenia on MRI brain scans. Schizophr Bull 16:205–210
Nasrallah HA, Schwarzkopf SB, Olson SC, Coffman JA (1991) Perinatal brain injury and cere-bellar vermal lobules I-X in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 29: 567–574
Oldfield RC (1971) The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia 9: 97–113
Osherson D, Perani D, Cappa S, Schnur T, Grassi F, Fazio F (1998) Distinct brain loci in deductive versus probabilistic reasoning. Neuropsychologia 36: 369–376
Pantel J, Schroeder J, Jauss M, Essig M, Minakaran R, Schoenknecht P, Schneider G, Schad LR, Knopp MV (1999) The topography of callosal atrophy reflects distribution of regional cerebral volume reduction in Alzheimer’s disease. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 90:181–192
Raine A, Harrison GN, Reynolds GP, Sheard C, Cooper JE, Medley I (1990) Structural and functional characteristics of the corpus callosum in schizophrenics, psychiatric controls, and normal controls. Arch Gen Psychiatry 47:1060–1064
Schröder J (1998) Subsyndrome der chronischen Schizophrenic Untersuchungen mit bildgebenden Verfahren zur Heterogenität schizophrener Psychosen. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg
Schröder J, Niethammer R, Geider FJ, Reitz C, Binkert M, Jauß M, Sauer H (1992) Neurological soft signs in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 6: 25–30
Schröder J, Silvestri S, Bubeck B, Karr M, Demisch S, Scherrer S, Geider FJ, Sauer H (1998) D2 Dopamine receptor up-regulation, treatment response, neurological soft signs, and extrapyramidal side effects in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 43:660–665
Schröder J, Essig M, Baudendistel K, Jahn T, Gerdsen I, Stockert A, Schad LR, Knopp M (1999) Motor dysfunction and sensorimotor cortex activation changes in schizophrenia: a study with functional magnetic resonance imaging. Neurolmage 9: 81–87
Schröder J, Bottmer C, Pantel J (2002) Are structural cerebral changes progressive in early schizophrenia? In: Häfner H (ed) Risk and protective factors in schizophrenia. Steinkopff, Darmstadt, pp 83–98
Smith RC, Calderon M, Ravichandran GK, Largen J, Vroulis G, Shvartsburd A, Gordon J, Schoolar JC (1984) Nuclear magnetic resonance in schizophrenia: a preliminary study. Psychiatry Res 12:137–147
Steinmetz H, Staiger JF, Schlaug G, Huang Y, Jäncke L (1995) Corpus callosum and brain volume in women and men. Neuroreport 6:1002–1004
Wittchen HU, Wunderlich U, Gruschwitz S, Zaudig M (1997) SKID-I. Strukturiertes klinisches Interview für DSM-IV. Hogrefe, Göttingen, Bern, Toronto, Seattle
Woodruff PWR, Pearlson GD, Geer MJ, Barta PE, Chilcoat HD (1993) A computerized magnetic resonance imaging study of corpus callosum morphology in schizophrenia. Psychol Med 23:45–56
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bachmann, S., Bottmer, C., Pantel, J., Essig, M., Schröder, J. (2004). Hirnmorphologische Befunde bei PatientInnen mit Erstmanifestation einer Schizophrenie. In: Hippius, H. (eds) Universitätskolloquien zur Schizophrenie. Steinkopff, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7985-1957-2_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7985-1957-2_3
Publisher Name: Steinkopff, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62369-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-7985-1957-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive