Abstract
Colonisation and trusteeship were important stages in the Italian experience in Somalia, which can be observed through the story of Italian firms and their activities. However, their story has never been studied in literature in depth.
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Notes
- 1.
Maugini (Società Agricola Italo-Somala) 1970, p. VII.
- 2.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt. n. 1004, fasc. 1.
- 3.
Varotti A (1989), Il ciclo del mais nell'economia somala: strutture aziendali e dinamiche nell'agricoltura del Basso Scebeli, Gangemi Editore, Roma.
- 4.
Luigi Amedeo di Savoia (Aosta), Madrid 1873 – Villaggio Duca Abruzzi (Somalia) 1933. Naval officer, mountaineer, explorer: Monte S. Elia, Alaska 1897; Arctic polar expedition on the Stella Polare, 1899–1900; Ruwenzori, Uganda, 1906; Karakoram (Indian Empire, 1909; sources and course of the River Shebelle (Ethiopia-Somalia), 1928–1929.
- 5.
Scidle was an area in the district of Mahaddei Uen (Middle Shebelle basin) of approx. 1,000 km2, inhabited by a population of freedmen along the rivers, with 23,000 inhabitants in 49 villages close to and 25 far from the river; today, the same name indicates more or less the area between the villages of Baarow Weyn to the north and Xawaadley to the south.
- 6.
From the “Statuto 1920-21”, printed in Turin, cited in Milanese 1995, pp. 67–122.
- 7.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Direttorio-Formentini, cart. 11, fasc. 2.
- 8.
ASBI, banca d’Italia, IspGen 385, 6, Mogadiscio 1934/1952).
- 9.
Maugini (Società Agricola Italo-Somala) 1970.
- 10.
Ibidem, p. XI.
- 11.
This happened because often the increase in the area cultivated with cereals following the government’s policy was at the expense of sugar beet.
- 12.
For reasons of organization and the vicinity of the port of Merca the banana plantations were concentrated in Genale.
- 13.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt., 1005, fasc. 5.
- 14.
A ‘pact’ with the heads of villages had been signed on March 19, 1921. Certainly it led to contrasting interpretations and was perhaps the result of excessive optimism on the part of Luigi di Savoia.
- 15.
Milanese 2007, pp. 201–230.
- 16.
Lavoro e sperimentazione agricola in Somalia 2000.
- 17.
Maugini (Società agricola italo somala), p. 73.
- 18.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt., n. 1005, fasc. 5.
- 19.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt., n. 1005, fasc. 3.
- 20.
Ibidem, p. 8.
- 21.
Bollettino ufficiale della Somalia 1957 –1960.
- 22.
somalo = Lit. 87.50. The somalo was replaced by the Somali shilling, of the same value, with the Legislative Decree no. 294 of 20-12-1962. See Strangio 2010.
- 23.
The period was extended to June 30, 1967 and then to the end of 1970.
- 24.
This period was also extended, first to the end of 1967 and then to the end of 1969.
- 25.
Maugini (Società Agricola Italo Somala) 1970, p. 99.
- 26.
Lavoro 2000, p. 36.
- 27.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt., n. 1005, fasc. 5.
- 28.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt., n. 1005, fasc. 3.
- 29.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt., n. 1005, fasc. 5.
- 30.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt., n. 1009, fasc. 1.
- 31.
A‘chiatta’ is a large boat or raft (generally rectangular or square) usually made of wood (but sometimes also of metal), without an engine, sometimes with sails.
- 32.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt., n. 1009, fasc. 1, p. 19.
- 33.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Direttorio - Formentini, cart. 11, fasc. 2.
- 34.
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Studi, pratt., n. 1010 fasc. 1.
- 35.
Castellani 1983.
- 36.
Each member had to pay the cooperative a fixed subscription of a minimal amount, given that the statute stated that it was limited to 5 shillings, as well as another fee which varied according to the area farmed (equal to 10 shillings/ha farmed but not irrigated).
References
Bollettino Ufficiale della Somalia 1957–1959, Stamperia AFIS, Mogadiscio,1957–1960
Castellani L (1983) Il credito all’agricoltura in Somalia con particolare riferimento alle cooperative. Università di Torino, Istituto di Economia e politica agraria, Torino
Milanese E (1995) Storia di una bonifica coloniale: la nascita della Società Agricola Italo-Somala (S.A.I.S.). Rivista di Storia dell’agricoltura XXXV(2):pp 67–121
Milanese E (2007) L’intrapresa di Luigi di Savoia in Somalia, ovvero storia di una bonifica 'integrale' coloniale. I sentieri della ricerca 6:pp 201–230
Italo-Somala SA (ed) (1970) L’opera della Società Agricola Italo-Somala in Somalia: significato e valore delle realizzazioni, delle esperienze e degli studi compiuti dalla SAIS nei suoi 44 anni di vita, introduzione di A. Maugini, Milan
Strangio D (2010) Decolonizzazione e sviluppo economico. Dalla cassa per la circolazione monetaria della Somalia alla Banca nazionale Somala: il ruolo della Banca d’Italia (1947–1960). Franco Angeli, Milan
ASBI, Banca d’Italia, Filiali Coloniali e Dalmate, Mogadiscio 1934/52
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Strangio, D. (2012). Companies and Firms in Italian Somalia. In: The Reasons for Underdevelopment. Contributions to Economics. Physica, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7908-2778-1_3
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