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Receptors mediating toxicity and their involvement in endocrine disruption

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Molecular, Clinical and Environmental Toxicology

Part of the book series: Experientia Supplementum ((EXS,volume 99))

Abstract

Many toxic compounds exert their harmful effects by activating of certain receptors, which in turn leads to dysregulation of transcription. Some of these receptors are so called xenosensors. They are activated by external chemicals and evoke a cascade of events that lead to the elimination of the chemical from the system. Other receptors that are modulated by toxic substances are hormone receptors, particularly the ones of the nuclear receptor family. Some environmental chemicals resemble endogenous hormones and can falsely activate these receptors, leading to undesired activity in the cell. Furthermore, excessive activation of the xenosensors can lead to disturbances of the integrity of the system as well. In this chapter, the concepts of receptor-mediated toxicity and hormone disruption are introduced. We start by describing environmental chemicals that can bind to xenosensors and nuclear hormone receptors. We then describe the receptors most commonly targeted by environmental chemicals. Finally, the mechanisms by which receptor-mediated events can disrupt the system are depicted.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden

    Joëlle Rüegg, Sari Mäkelä & Jan-Åke Gustafsson

  2. Functional Foods Forum & The Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland

    Pauliina Penttinen-Damdimopoulou & Ingemar Pongratz

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  1. Joëlle Rüegg
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  2. Pauliina Penttinen-Damdimopoulou
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  3. Sari Mäkelä
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  4. Ingemar Pongratz
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  5. Jan-Åke Gustafsson
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  1. Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Thielallee 88-92, 14195, Berlin, Germany

    Andreas Luch

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Rüegg, J., Penttinen-Damdimopoulou, P., Mäkelä, S., Pongratz, I., Gustafsson, JÅ. (2009). Receptors mediating toxicity and their involvement in endocrine disruption. In: Luch, A. (eds) Molecular, Clinical and Environmental Toxicology. Experientia Supplementum, vol 99. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-8336-7_11

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