Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Epidemiology of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Senegal: temporal and spatial patterns

  • Conference paper
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome, Tick- and Mosquito-Borne Viruses

Part of the book series: Archives of Virology Supplementum ((ARCHIVES SUPPL,volume 1))

Summary

Aspects of the spatial and temporal patterns of transmission of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus were studied in Senegal, West Africa. A country-wide serological survey of domestic animals indicated that transmission was most intense in the northern dry sahelian zone and least in the southern, more humid guinean zone. Human IgG prevalence, ranging from nearly 20% to < 1% among 8 sites throughout the region, also was greatest in the north. A fatal human case of CCHF from Rosso, Mauritania in 1988 was studied and an accompanying serosurvey of human contacts and domestic animals indicated epidemic transmission during that period. Systematic samples of adult ixodid ticks on domestic animals allowed us to analyze the distribution and relative abundance of potential CCHF virus vectors, demonstrating that Hyalomma spp. predominated in those biotopes where transmission was most intense. A prospective study of CCHF virus infection and tick infestation in sheep exposed a period of epizootic transmission in 1988 that corresponded temporally with increased abundance of adult H. truncatum and H. impeltatum. Four strains of CCHF virus were isolated from pools of these ticks and of Rhipicephalus guilhoni. Our results suggest that CCHF virus is focally endemic throughout the region, although highly variable in time and space, and that the relative abundance of Hyalomma ticks may be the primary determinant of epidemic transmission.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Butenko AM, Minja T (1979) Personal communication. In: Hoogstraal H (1979) The epidemiology of tick-borne Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever in Asia, Europe and Africa. J Med Entomol 15: 307–417

    Google Scholar 

  2. Camicas JL, Robin Y, Le Gonidec G, Saluzzo JF, Jouan A, Cornet JP, Chauvancy G, Ba K (1986) Etude ecologique et nosologique des arbovirus transmis par les tiques au Senegal. III. Les vecteurs potentiels du virus de la fievre hemorragique de Crimee Congo (virus CCHF) au Senegal et en Mauritanie. Cah ORSTOM Ser Entomol Med Parasitol 24: 255–264

    Google Scholar 

  3. Camicas JL, Wilson ML, Cornet JP, Digoutte JP, Calvo MA, Adam F, Gonzalez JP (1990) Ecology of ticks as potential vectors of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Senegal: epidemiological implications. Arch Virol [Suppl 1]: 303–322

    Google Scholar 

  4. Causey OR, Kemp GE, Madbouly MH, David-West TS (1970) Congo virus from domestic livestock, african hedgehogs and arthropods in Nigeria. Am J Trop Med Hyg 19: 846–850

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Chunikhin SP, Chumakov MP, Butenko AM, Smirnova SE, Taufflieb R, Camicas JL, Robin Y, Cornet M, Shabon Z (1969) Results from investigating human and domestic and wild animal blood sera in the Senegal Republic (West Africa) for antibodies to Crimean hemorrhagic fever virus. In: Proc XVI Scientific Conference of the USSR AMS Institute of Poliomyelitis and Virus Encephalitides, Moscow, October 1969, 2: 158–160 (in Russian) (in English: NAMRU-3, T 810)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Darwish MA, Hoogstraal H (1981) Arboviruses infecting humans and lower animals in Egypt: a review of thirty years of research. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 56: 1–112

    Google Scholar 

  7. Darwish MA, Imam IZE, Omar FM, Hoogstraal H (1977) A sero-epidemiological survey for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in humans and domestic animals in Egypt. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 52: 156–163

    Google Scholar 

  8. David-West TS, Cooke AR, David-West AS (1974) Seroepidemiology of Congo virus (related to the virus of Crimean haemorrhagic fever) in Nigeria. Bull WHO 51: 543–546

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Digoutte JP (1985) Rapport sur le fonctionment technique de l’Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Instituts Pasteur Outre-Mer, Dakar, Senegal

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gonzalez JP, Baudon D, McCormick JB (1984) Premieres etudes serologiques dans les populations humaines de Haute-Volta et du Benin sur les fievres hemorragiques africaines d’origine virale. Organ Coop Coordin Grand Endem Inform 12: 113

    Google Scholar 

  11. Gonzalez JP, Baudon D, McCormick JB (1984) Premieres etudes serologiques dans les populations humaines de Haute-Volta et du Benin sur les fievres hemorragiques africaines d’origine virale. Organ Coop Coordin Grand Endem Inform 12: 113

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gueye A, Camicas JL (1990) Distribution des tiques du betail. In: Centre Technique de Cooperation Agricole et Rural (eds) Elevage et potentialites pastorales saheliennes syntheses cartographiques. Senegal. IEMVT, Maisons-Alfort, France, p 20

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gueye A, Camicas JL, Diouf A, Mbengue M (1987) Tiques et hemoparasitoses du betail au Senegal. II. La zone Sahelian. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 40: 119–125

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Gueye A, Mbengue M, Diouf A (1989) Tiques et homoparasitoses du betail au Senegal. III. La zone nord-Soudanienne. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 42: 411–420

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Gueye A, Mbengue M, Diouf A (1989) Tiques et hemoparasitoses du betail au Senegal. III. La zone nord-Soudanienne. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 42 (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Gueye A, Mbengue M, Diouf A (1989) Tiques et homoparasitoses du betail au Senegal. III. La zone nord-Soudanienne. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 43 (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Gueye A, Mbengue M, Diouf A, Seye M (1986) Tiques et hemoparasitoses du betail au Senegal. I. La region des Niayes. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 39: 381–393

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hoogstraal H (1979) The epidemiology of tick-borne Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever in Asia, Europe and Africa. J Med Entomol 15: 307–417

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kirya BG, Semenov BF, Tretyakov AF, Gromashevsky VL, Madzhomba E (1972) Preliminary report on investigation of animal sera from East Africa for antibodies to Congo virus by the agar gel diffusion and precipitation method. Tezisy 17. Nauchn Sess Inst Posvyuashch Aktual Probl Virus Profilakt Virus Zabolev: 368–369 (in Russian) (in English, NAMRU3–T1073)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kondratenko VF, Blagoveshchenskaya NM, Butenko AM, Vyshnivetskaya LK, Zarubina LV, Milyutin VN, Kuchin VV, Novikova EM, Rabinovich VD, Shevchenko SF, Chumakov MP (1970) Results of virological investigation of ixodid ticks in Crimean hemorrhagic fever focus in Rostov Oblast. Mater 3 Oblast Nauchn Prakt Konf, Rostovon-Don, May 1970: 29–35 (in Russian) (in English, NAMRU3–T524)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Lariviere J, Dupuy AR (1978) Senegal, ses parcs, ses animaux. Fernand Nathan, Evreux, France

    Google Scholar 

  22. Lee VH, Kemp GE (1970) Congo virus: experimental infection of Hyalomma rufipes and transmission to a calf. Bull Entomol Soc Nigeria 2: 133–135

    Google Scholar 

  23. Leroux M (1983) Climat. In: Pelissier P (ed) Atlas du Senegal. Jeune Afrique, Paris, pp 12–17

    Google Scholar 

  24. Logan TM, Linthicuw KJ, Bailey CL, Watts DM, Moulton, JR (1989) Experimental transmission of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus by Hyalomma truncatum Koch. Am J Trop Med Hyg 40: 207–212

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Morel PC (1958) Les tiques des animaux domestiques de l’Afrique occidentale francaise. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 11: 153–189

    Google Scholar 

  26. Morel PC, Vassiliades G (1962) Les Rhipicephalus du groupe sanguineus: especes africaines ( Acariens: Ixodoidea). Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 15: 343–386

    Google Scholar 

  27. Ndiaye P (1983) Vegetation et faune. In: Pelissier P (ed) Atlas du Senegal. Jeune Afrique, Paris, pp 18–19

    Google Scholar 

  28. Niklasson B, Peters CJ, Grandien M, Wood O (1984) Detection of human immunoglobulin G and M antibodies to Rift Valley fever by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 19: 225–229

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Robin Y (1972) Centre regional O.M.S. de reference pour les arbovirus en Afrique de l’Ouest. Rapp Inst Pasteur de Dakar

    Google Scholar 

  30. Robin Y (1973) Centre regional O.M.S• de reference pour les arbovirus en Afrique de l’Ouest. Rapp Inst Pasteur de Dakar

    Google Scholar 

  31. Robin Y (1974) Centre regional O.M.S de reference pour les arbovirus en Afrique de l’Ouest. Rapp Inst Pasteur de Dakar

    Google Scholar 

  32. Robin Y (1975) Centre regional O.M.S de reference pour les arbovirus en Afrique de l’Ouest. Rapp Inst Pasteur de Dakar

    Google Scholar 

  33. Robin Y. Camicas JL, Jan C, Herne G, Cornet M, Valade M (1978) Ecology of tick arboviruses in arid areas of Senegal. In: Cherepanov AI (ed) Transcontinental connections of migrating birds and their role in distribution of arboviruses. Papers of the Symposium 1976, Novosibirsk (Akademgorodok). Nauka, Novosibirsk, pp 209–211

    Google Scholar 

  34. Saluzzo JF, Aubry P, McCormick JB, Digoutte JP (1985) Haemorrhagic fever caused by Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in Mauritania. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 79: 268

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Saluzzo JF, Camicas JL, Chartier C, Martinez D, Digoutte JP (1986) Le virus de la fievre hemorragique de Crimee-Congo en Mauritanie. Cah ORSTOM Ser Entomol Med Parasitol 24: 129–137

    Google Scholar 

  36. Saluzzo JF, Digoutte JP, Camicas JL, Chauvancy G (1985) Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever and Rift Valley fever in south-eastern Mauritania. Lancet 1: 116

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Saluzzo, JF, Digoutte JP, Cornet M, Baudon D, Roux J, Robert V (1984) Isolation of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever and Rift valley fever viruses in Upper Volta. Lancet 1: 1179

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Saluzzo JF, LeGuenno B (1987) Rapid diagnosis of human Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever and detection of the virus in naturally infected ticks. J Clin Microbiol 5: 922–924

    Google Scholar 

  39. Shepherd AJ, Swanepoel R, Cornel AJ, Mathee O (1989) Experimental studies on the replication and transmission of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in some African tick species. Am J Trop Med Hyg 40: 326–331

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Swanepoel R, Shepherd AJ, Leman PA, Shepherd SP (1985a) Investigations following initial recognition of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in South Africa and the diagnosis of 2 further cases. S Afr Med J 68: 638–641

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Swanepoel R, Shepherd Ai, Leman PA, Shepherd SP, McGillivray GM, Erasmus MJ, Searle LA, Gill DE (1987) Epidemiologic and clinical features of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in southern Africa. Am J Trop Med Hyg 36: 120–132

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Swanepoel R, Sheperd AJ, Leman PA, Sheperd SP, Miller GB (1985b) A common-source outbreak of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever on a dairy farm. S Afr Med J 68: 635–637

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Swanepoel R, Struthers JK, Shepherd AJ, McGillivray GM, Nel MJ, Jupp PG (1983) Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in South Africa. Am J Trop Med Hyg 32: 1407–1415

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Umoh JU, Ezeokoli CD, Ogwu D (1983) Prevalence of antibodies to Crimeanhaemorrhagic fever-Congo virus in cattle in northern Nigeria. Int J Zoon 10: 151–154

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Watts DM, Ksiazek TG, Linthicum KJ, Hoogstraal H (1988) Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. In: Monath TP (ed) The arboviruses: epidemiology and ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 177–222

    Google Scholar 

  46. Wilson ML, Digoutte JP (1989) Ecology and epidemiology of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus transmission in the Republic of Senegal. Annual Report. U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland

    Google Scholar 

  47. Wilson ML, Digoutte JP (1989) Ecology and epidemiology of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus transmission in the Republic of Senegal. Annual Report. U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland

    Google Scholar 

  48. Zgurskaya GN, Berezin SE, Smirnova SE, Chumakov MP (1971) Investigation of the question of Crimean hemorrhagic fever virus transmission and interepidemic survival in the tick Hyalomma plumbeum plumbeum, Panzer. Trudi Inst Poliomiel Virus Entsefal Akad Med Nauk SSSR 19: 217–220 (in Russian) (in English, NAM RU3–T911)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal

    M. L. Wilson, J.-P. Gonzalez, B. LeGuenno, M.-A. Calvo & J.-P. Digoutte

  2. Departments of Population Sciences and Tropical Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    M. L. Wilson

  3. Institut Pasteur, B. P. 220, Dakar, Senegal

    M. L. Wilson

  4. Institut Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation (ORSTOM), Laboratoire ORSTOM de Zoologie medicale, Dakar, Senegal

    J.-P. Gonzalez, J.-P. Cornet & J.-L. Camicas

  5. Institut d’Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Maisons Alfort, France

    M. Guillaud

Authors
  1. M. L. Wilson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J.-P. Gonzalez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. B. LeGuenno
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J.-P. Cornet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. M. Guillaud
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. M.-A. Calvo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. J.-P. Digoutte
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. J.-L. Camicas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Vector-Borne Viral Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Fort Collins, CO, USA

    C. H. Calisher Ph.D.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag

About this paper

Cite this paper

Wilson, M.L. et al. (1990). Epidemiology of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Senegal: temporal and spatial patterns. In: Calisher, C.H. (eds) Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome, Tick- and Mosquito-Borne Viruses. Archives of Virology Supplementum, vol 1. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9091-3_35

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9091-3_35

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-82217-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-9091-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation