Abstract
Theoretical calculations and experimental observations indicate that the surface sculpture of pollen has a slight influence on pollen flight dynamics in wind-pollinated angiosperms. Sculpture is also important as it influences pollen clumping. Variations in ultrastructure that affect pollen density will change flight parameters. Wodehouse’s hypothesis that the smoothness of the pollen surface in anemophilous plants results from an overall thinning of the exine is not supported by measurements of the exine in the Compositae or for angiosperms as a whole.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bodmer, H., 1922: Über den Windpollen. — Natur u. Tech. Zürich 3: 66.
Brooks, J., Shaw, G., 1968: The post-tetrad ontogeny of the pollen wall and the chemical structure of the sporopollenin of Lilium henryi. Grana Palynol. 8: 227 — 234.
Camazine, S., Niklas, K. J., 1984: Aerobiology of Symplocarpus foetidus: interactions between the spathe and spadix. — Amer. J. Bot. 71: 843 — 850.
Cocke, E. C., 1937: Calculating pollen concentration of the air. — J. Allergy 8: 601— 606.
Crane, P. R., 1986: Form and function in wind dispersed pollen. — In Blackmore, S., Ferguson, I. K., (Eds.): Pollen and spores: form and function. — Linn. Soc. Symp. Ser. 12: 179 — 202.
Durham, O. C., 1946: The volumetric incidence of atmospheric allergens. 3. Rate of fall of pollen grains in still air. — J. Allergy 17: 70 — 78.
Dyakowska, J., 1937: Researches on the rapidity of the falling down of pollen of some trees. — Bull. Int. Acad. Cracovie (Acad. Po. Sci.), ser. B, Sci. Nat. 1: 155 —168.
Faegri, K., Iversen, J., 1975: Textbook of pollen analysis. 3rd edn. — New York: Hafner.
Pijl, L., 1979: The principles of pollination ecology. 3rd edn. — Oxford: Pergamon.
Ferguson, I. K., 1984: Pollen morphology and biosystematics of the subfamily Papilionoideae (Leguminosae). — In GRANT, W. F., (Ed.): Plant biosystematics, pp. 377 — 394.
Skvarla, J. J., 1981: The pollen morphology of the subfamily Papilionoideae (Leguminosae). — In PoLHILL, R. M., RAVEN, P. H., ( Eds. ): Advances in legume systematics, pp. 859
Skvarla, J. J. 1982: Pollen morphology in relation to pollinators in Papilionoideae (Leguminosae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 84: 183 —193.
Frankel, R., Galun, E., 1977: Pollination mechanisms, reproduction and plant breeding. New York, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
Gregory, P. H., 1973: The microbiology of the atmosphere. 2nd edn. — Aylesbury, England: Leonard Hill.
Harrington, J. B., Metzger, K., 1963: Ragweed pollen density. — Amer. J. Bot. 50: 532 — 539.
Hemsley, A. J., Ferguson, I. K., 1985: Pollen morphology of the genus Erythrina (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae) in relation to floral structure and pollinators. — Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 72: 570 — 590.
Hesse, M., 1979: Ultrastruktur und Verteilung des Pollenkitts in der insekten-und windblutigen Gattung Acer (Aceraceae). — Pl. Syst. Evol. 131: 277 — 289.
Hesse, M., 1979: Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomo-und anemophilen Angiospermen: Polygonaceae. — Flora 168: 558 — 577.
Hesse, M., 1979: Entstehung und Auswirkungen der unterschiedlichen Pollenklebrigkeit von San-guisorba officinalis und S. minor. — Pollen & Spores 21: 399 — 413.
Hesse, M., 1980: Ultrastruktur und Entwicklungsgeschichte des Pollenkitts von Euphorbia cyparissias, E. palustris und Mercuralis perennis (Euphorbiaceae). — Pl. Syst. Evol. 135: 253 — 263.
Hesse, M., 1980: Zur Frage der Anheftung des Pollens an blütenbesuchende Insekten mittels Pollenkitt und Viscinfdden. — Pl. Syst. Evol. 133: 135 —148.
Hesse, M., 1981: The fine structure of the exine in relation to the stickiness of angiosperm pollen. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 35: 81— 92.
Hesse, M., 1981 b: Pollenkitt and viscin threads: their role in cementing pollen grains. Grana 20: 145 —152.
Hesse, M., 1984: Form and function of Delonix pollen surface. — Mikroskopie 41: 70 — 72.
Hesse, M., 1984: An exine architecture model for viscin threads. — Grana 23: 69 —175.
Hutchinson, G. E., 1967: A treatise on limnology, 2. Introduction to lake biology and the phytoplankton. New York: Wiley.
Knoll, F., 1932: Über die Fernverbreitung des Blütenstaubes durch den Wind. — Forsch. Fortschr. 8: 301— 302.
Lee, S. T., 1978: A factor analysis study of the functional significance of angiosperm pollen. Syst. Bot. 3: 1–19.
Lewis, W. H., 1977: Pollen exine morphology and its adaptive significance. Sida 7: 95–102.
Niklas, K. J., 1981: Simulated wind pollination and airflow around ovules of some early seed plants. Science 211: 275 — 277.
Niklas, K. J., 1981: Airflow patterns around some early seed plant ovules and cupules: Implications concerning efficiency in wind pollination. — Amer. J. Bot. 68: 635 — 650.
Niklas, K. J., 1982: Simulated and empiric wind pollination patterns of conifer ovulate cones. — Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79: 510–514.
Niklas, K. J., 1983: The influence of Paleozoic ovule and cupule morphologies on wind pollination. Evolution 37: 968 — 986.
Niklas, K. J., 1984: The motion of windborne pollen grains around conifer ovulate cones: implications on wind pollination. — Amer. J. Bot. 71: 356–374.
Niklas, K. J., 1985: Wind pollination of Taxus cuspidata. — Amer. J. Bot. 72: 1–13.
Niklas, K. J., 1985: The aerodynamics of wind pollination. — Bot. Rev. 51: 328 — 386.
Niklas, K. J., 1985: Wind pollination — a study in controlled chaos. — Amer. Sci. 73: 462 — 470.
Niklas, K. J., 1987: Pollen capture and wind-induced movement of compact and diffuse grass panicles: implications for pollination efficiency. — Amer. J. Bot. 74: 74 — 89.
Buchmann, S. L., 1985: Aerodynamics of wind pollination in Simmondsia chinensis (LINK) SCHNEIDER. - Amer. J. Bot. 72: 530 — 539.
Buchmann, S. L., 1987: The aerodynamics of pollen capture in two sympatric Ephedra species. — Evolution 41: 104 —123.
Kerchner, V., 1986: Aerodynamics of Ephedra trifurcata: 1. Pollen grain velocity fields around stems bearing ovules. — Amer. J. Bot. 73: 966 — 979.
Kerchner, V., 1986: Aerodynamics of Ephedra trifurcata. 2. Computer modelling of pollination efficiencies. — J. Mathemat. Biol. 24: 1— 24.
Norstog, K., 1984: Aerodynamics and pollen grain depositional patterns on cycad megastrobili: implications on the reproduction of three cycad genera (Cycas, Dioon, and Zamia). — Bot. Gaz. 145: 92 —104.
Paw K. T., 1982: Pollination and airflow patterns around conifer ovulate cones. Science 217: 442 — 444.
Paw K. T., 1983: Conifer ovulate cone morphology: implications on pollen impaction patterns. Amer. J. Bot. 70: 568 — 577.
Payne, W. W., Skvarla, J. J., 1970: Electron microscope study of Ambrosia pollen (Compositae: Ambrosieae). — Grana 10: 89 — 100.
Penning de Vries, F. W. T., Brunsting, A. H. M., Van Laar, H. H., 1974: Products, requirements and efficiency of biosynthesis: a quantitative approach. — J. Theor. Biol. 45: 339 — 377.
Praglowski, J., Grafström, E., 1980: The pollen morphology of the tribe Calenduleae with reference to taxonomy. — Bot. Not. 133: 177 —188.
Proctor, M., Yeo, P., 1972: The pollination of flowers. — New York: Taplinger Publishing Co. Raynor, G. S., Ogden, E. C., Hayes, J. V., 1970: Dispersion and deposition of ragweed pollen from experimental sources. — J. Appl. Meteorol. 9: 885 — 895.
Robbins, R. R., Dickinson, D. B., Rhodes, A. M., 1979: Morphometric analysis of pollen from four species of Ambrosia (Compositae). — Amer. J. Bot. 66: 538 — 545
Scheppegrell, W., 1917: Hay-fever and hay-fever pollens. — Arch. Internal Med. 19: 959 — 980.
Skvarla, J. J., Larson, D. A., 1965: An electron microscopic study of pollen morphology in the Compositae with special reference to the Ambrosiinae. — Grana Palynol. 6: 210 — 269.
Raven, P. H., Chissoe, W. F., Sharp, M., 1978 a: an ultrastructural study of viscin threads in Onagraceae pollen. — Pollen & Spores 20: 5 — 143.
Turner, B. L., Patel, V. C., Tomb, A. S., 1978 b: Pollen morphology in the Compositae and in morphologically related families. — In Heywood, V. H., Harborne, J. B., Turner, B. L., (Eds.): The biology and chemistry of the Compositae,pp. 141— 248. — New York: Academic Press.
Sokal, R. R., Rohlf, F. J., 1981: Biometry. 2nd edn. — San Francisco: W. H. Freeman. Southworth, D., 1988: Isolation of exines from gymnosperm pollen. — Amer. J. Bot. 75: 15–21.
Vogel, S., 1981: Life in moving fluids. — Boston: Willard Grant.
Waha, M., 1984: Zur Ultrastruktur und Funktion pollenverbindender Fäden bei Ericaceae und anderen Angiospermenfamilien. — Pl. Syst. Evol. 147: 189 — 203.
Whitehead, D. R., 1969: Wind pollination and the angiosperms: evolutionary and environmental considerations. — evolution 23: 28 — 35.
Whitehead, D. R., 1983: Wind pollination: some ecological and evolutionary perspectives. — In REAL, L., (Ed.): Pollination biology, pp. 97 —108. — New York: Academic Press.
Wodehouse, R. P., 1935: Pollen grains. — New York: McGraw-Hill.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag/Wien
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bolick, M.R. (1990). The pollen surface in wind-pollination with emphasis on the Compositae . In: Hesse, M., Ehrendorfer, F. (eds) Morphology, Development, and Systematic Relevance of Pollen and Spores. Plant Systematics and Evolution, vol 5. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9079-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9079-1_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-9081-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-9079-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive