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Biological Significance of Sialic Acids

  • Chapter
Sialic Acids

Part of the book series: Cell Biology Monographs ((CELLBIOL,volume 10))

Abstract

Sialic acids are essential constituents of many glycoproteins, glycopeptides and glycolipids. This widespread occurrence in glycoconjugates of different origin indicates that a variety of biological functions should be associated with this sugar. There are vahd indications that siahc acids influence or even determine the recognition of low and high molecular-weight compounds, the action of certain hormones, physicochemical and catalytic properties of enzymes, hemostasis, cellular adhesiveness, antigenicity, transport processes and synaptic transmission. Despite this apparently heterogenous spectrum of biological actions, four main functions—according to the concept of Schauer (1982)—can be attributed to sialic acid: (1) Endowment of glycoconjugates and cellular membranes with a negative charge, (2) Influence on the macromolecular structure of certain glycoproteins, (3) Information transfer, (4) Protection of glycoconjugates and cells from recognition and degradation. This rather physicochemical classification could be of use when starting to elucidate the biological significance of sialoglycoconjugates. Reviews on siahc acids have recently been published by Rosenberg and Schengrund 1976, Neufeld and Ashwell 1980, and Schauer 1982. The aim of this contribution, however, is to emphazise the important role of sialic acids in the occurrence of pathobiochemical alterations found in animals and human beings.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Dahlem, Germany

    Werner Reutter & Christian Bauer

  2. Medizinische Klinik der Universität, Freiburg i. Br., Federal Republic of Germany

    Eckart Köttgen & Wolfgang Gerok

Authors
  1. Werner Reutter
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  2. Eckart Köttgen
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  3. Christian Bauer
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  4. Wolfgang Gerok
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemisches Institut, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany

    Roland Schauer

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© 1982 Springer-Verlag/Wien

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Reutter, W., Köttgen, E., Bauer, C., Gerok, W. (1982). Biological Significance of Sialic Acids. In: Schauer, R. (eds) Sialic Acids. Cell Biology Monographs, vol 10. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8680-0_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-8680-0_10

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