Abstract
This chapter studies with the refurbishment of steel bridges.
In the first part the definition of notions in the field of the refurbishment are summarized and the developed different activities are classified.
In the second part the activity fields of the surveying and diagnostic of bridges are presented, the important considerable aspects and procedures are summarized.
In the third part the damages in steel bridges are presented, sketching that reasons, which basically influence the damage symptoms. The typical places of occurrence are presented: sway bracing, diaphragms, web stiffeners, components of orthotropic decks and crossing connections.
We studied the main typical cause of the damages, thus:
-
the development of traffic,
-
inadequate fatigue design of structural details and fabrications defects,
-
inadmissible simplification of statical systems, mainly because the three-dimensional behaviour of bridges and secondary stresses usually neglected in design practice.
We studied in this part the connection between the fatigue problems and the post-buckling behaviour of plated structures. On the bases of American and Sweden case studies the consequences of effects arising from the localised distortions of bridge elements are summarized. On the base of Japanese experiences the fatigue situations in structural elements and the proposed strengthening methods are examined. On the base of Dutch studies we deal with the effect of the shape of orthotropic steel decks on the fatigue symptoms. One of the most important questions of the last decade is also examined, mainly based on German studies, which analyses the effect of the distortion of cross-sections of bridges on the statical model.
The fourth part summarizes the problems of strengthening during the relations of some typical shaping.
The fifth part presents the history, the design, the construction and the refurbishment of Danube bridges. During a short summary we deal with the river Danube and the types of Danube bridges, refer to the “Catalogue of Danube Bridges” and, as an example, we summarize the history, the design, the construction and the refurbishment of the “Szabadság” (Freedom) bridge. During the history of the bridge it could be refer to the notions defined in the first part, and to the particular appearances.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
AASHTO (1989). Standard Specifications for High-way Bridges, In The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials,14th Edition
Agbcs, Z. (1996). Diagnostics of steel structures In Ivânyi, M. and Hegeds, L., eds., Refurbishment of Structures. Report prepared for the first workshop of Tempus SJEP 09524, Technical University of Budapest, 201–209.
Akesson, B., Edlund, B. and Shen D. (1997). Fatigue Cracking in a Steel Railway Bridge. In Structural Engineering International (IABSE), Vol. 7., 118–120.
Bancila, R. (1996). Curriculum for Refurbishment Steelworks Engineering In Ivânyi, M. and Hegeds, L., eds., Refurbishment of Structures, Report prepared for the first workshop of Tempus SJEP 09524, Technical University of Budapest, 27–31.
Bancila, R. and Bondariuc, V. (1996). Some examples of refurbishment in industrial steel structures and bridges, In Ivânyi, M. and Hegeds, L., eds., Refurbishment of Structures, Report prepared for the first workshop of Tempus SJEP 09524, Technical University of Budapest, 97–115.
Basler, K. (1961). Strength of plate girders in shear. ASCE St. 7, 151–180.
Bruis, Beales, Bignonnet, Caramelli, Croce, Frolli, Jacob, Kolstein, Lehrke, Poleur and Sanpaolesi (1991). Measurments and Interpretation of Dynamic Loads on Bridges (3), Commission of the European Communities, Report, Brussels.
Bruis, Caramelli, Cunninghame, Jacob, Kolstein and Lehrke (1995). Measurements and Interpretation of Dynamic Loads on Bridges (4), Commission of the European Communities, Report, Brussels.
Castigliani, C. A., Fisher, J. W., Lee, J: J. and Yen, B. T. (1986). Field analysis of fatigue damage in two steel bridges. In Construzioni Metalliche,No. 4., 212–234.
Dowling, P. J. and Chatterjee, S. (1977). Design of box girder compression flanges. Designof webs of plate and box girders. In 2n d International Colloquium in Stability of Steel Structures, Introducory Report, Liège, 153–208.
Dubas, P. and Gehri, E. (1986) Behaviour and Design of Steel Plated Structures. ECCS Publication No. 44
ECCS (1985). «Recommendation for the Fatigue Design of Steel Structures.» European Convention for Constructional Steelwork, Brussels, Publication No. 43.
Falke, J. (1983). Zum Tragverhalten und Berechnung von Quertägern orthotroper Platten. Diss. Technische Universität Braunschweig.
Fisher, J. W. (1977). Bridge Fatigue Guide, AISC
Fisher, J. W. (1977). Bridge Fatigue Guide: Design and Details. American Institute of Steel Construction, New York
Fisher, J.W. (1984). Fatigue and Fracture in Steel Bridges, Case Studies. John Wiley and Sons, New York
Fisher, J.W. and Mertz, D: R. (1985). Hundreds of Bridges - Thousands of Cracks. In Civil Engineering/ASCE,April, 64–67.
Ghosh, U. K. (2000). Repair and Rehabilitation of Steel Bridges. A-A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Bookfield.
Gioncu, V. and Ivan, M. (1978). Instabilitatea structurilar din plci curbe substisi (in Romanian), Editura Academic Rep. Soc. Romania.
Haibach, E. and Plasil, I. (1983). Untersuchungen zur Betriebsfestigkeit von Stahlleichtfahrbahnen mit Trapezhohlsteifen im Eisenbahnbrückenbau. In Der Stahlbau 9, (in German)
Halasz, O. (1977). Stability problems in national specifications. In Final Report to the Regional Colloquium on Stability of steel Structures, Budapest, 9–13.
Halasz, O. and Ivanyi, M. (1985). Some lessons from tests with steel structures. In Periodica Polytechnica, Civil Engineering, Volume 29, No. 3–4, 113–122.
Haviar, Gy. (1947). Reconstruction of the blown Szabadsag Bridge. In Megyetemi Kö_lemények, No. 2
Hegeds, L. (1997). Diagnostics In Ivanyi, M. and Hegeds, L., eds., Refurbishment of Structures, Report prepared for the second workshop of Tempus SJEP 09524, Technical University of Budapest, 167–169.
Isoura, K. (1989). Maintenance Program of Shinkansen Structures, IABSE Symposium, Lisbon
Ivanyi, M. (1979a). Yield mechanism curves for local buckling of axially compressed members. Periodica Politechnica (Budapest), Civ. Eng., 23 (3–4), 203–216.
Ivanyi, M. (1979b). Moment-rotation characteristics of locally buckling beams. Periodica Politechnica (Budapest), Civ. Eng., 23 (3–4), 217–230.
Ivanyi, M., Agôcs, Z. Balaz, 1. (1990). Torsion of Steel Beams (in Hungarian), Budapest-Bratislava, Mérnöki Tovabbképz Intézet, BME.
lvanyi, M. and Skaloud, M. (1995). Steel Plated Structures. CISM Courses and Lectures No. 358, Udine, Springer-Verlag, Wien
Ivanyi, M. (1998). Bridge Construction (in Hungarian), Megyetemi Kiadô, Budapest
Karman, T. (1910). Festigkcitsproblcme im Maschinenbau. In En_vkl. der Math. Wiss. IV. 348–351.
Karman, T., Sechler, E. E. and Donell, L. H. (1932). The strength of thin plates in compression. Trans. Am. Soc. Mech. Eng., 54.
Kolstein, M. H., Wardenier, J. and Leendertz, J. S. (1995). Fatigue Performance of the Through to Crossbeam Connections in Orthotropic Steel Bridge Decks. Nordic Steel Conference, Malmö.
Koranyi, I. (1934). Die Verstärkung der Fahrbahnträger der Eisenbahnbrücke fiber die Dunau bei lljpest (Ungarn), (in German), Bautechnik, Vol. 18., pp 19.
Leendertz, J. S. and Kolstein, M. N. (1995a). Numerical Analyses of the Through to Crossbeam Connections in Orthotropic Steel Bridge Decks. In Proceedings Nordic Steel ConJi’rence,Malmö.
Leendertz, J. S. and Kolstein, M. N. (1995b). The Behaviour of Through Stiffener to Crossbeam Connections in Orthotropic Steel Bridge Decks. In Heron,Volume 40, Delft.
Leendertz, J. S. and Kolstein, M. N. (1996). Structural Types and Endurance Aspects of Crossbeams in Steel Orthotropic Plate Girder Bridges. In ICASS Proceedings, I long Kong.
Leendertz, J. S., v.d.Weijde, H. and Kolstein, II. (1997). Inspection of Bridges with Orthotropic Steel Decks with Particular Attention to Fatigue.. In Evaluation of Existing Steel and Composite Bridges IABSE Workshop, Lausanne, Vol. 76, 57–66
Madea, Y. and Okura,l. (1983). Influence of initial deflection of plate girder webs on fatigue crack initiation. Eng. Signet., 58–66.
Madea, Y. and Okura,l. (1984). Analysis of deformation-induced fatigue of stiffened plate girder in bending. Verba Volait!, seriph marrent, Vol. d’hommege au Prof. Ch. dfassonet, CERES, Liège., 255–264.
Maquoi, R. and Massonet, Ch. (1971) Theorie non-linearia de la résistance postcitique des brandes pouters au caissons raidies. IABSE Publ., Zürich, 3-II
Maquoi, R. and Massonet, Ch. (1976) Interaction between local plate buckling and overall buckling in thinwalled compression members. IUTAM Sym. Cambridge, Springer
Marguerre, K. (1937). Die mittragende Breite des gedrükten Plattenstreifens. Luftfahrtforschung 14.
Massonnet, Ch. (1977). Design practices in Europe. In Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Stability Structures, Washington, 503–531.
Massonet et al (1977). Plate box girders. In Introductory Report 2nd International Colloquium on Stability of Steel Structures, Liège, 145–208
Mehrtens, G. C. (1898). Der Brückenbau sonst und jetzt. In Zeitschrift far Architektur und Ingenieurwesen, 18–55
Miki, C. and Ichikawa, A. (1997). Fatigue Assessment of Steel Bridges of the Bullet Train System. In Evaluation of Existing Steel and Composite Bridges IABSE Workshop, Lausanne, Vol. 76, 221–230, 1997.
Nather F. (1991). Rehabilitation and Strengthening of Steel Road Bridges. In Structural Engineering International, Volume 1, No. 3, 24–30.
van der Neut, A. (1969). The interaction of local buckling and column failure of thin-walled compression members. In Procedings 12’ International Congress in Applied Mechanics,Standford University, Spronger-Verlag
Okura, I., Yen, B. T. and Fisher, J. W. (1993). Fatigue of Thin-Walled plate Girders. In Structural Engineering International (IABSE), Vol. 1., 39–44.
Reis, A. J. and Roorda, J. (1977). The interaction between lateral-torsional and local plate buckling in thinwalled beams. In 2n d International Colloquium on Stability of Steel Structures Liège, 415–427.
Rockey, K. C. and Skaloud, M. (1972). The ultimate load behaviour of plate girders in shear. The Structural Engineer, 50 (1).
Sakai, N., et-al. (1994). Consideration of Damage Occuring End Corner of Girder Reducing Section, In Proceedings of the 49’ Annual Conference of JSCE, I - 252, (in Japanese).
Sakagami, A. et al (1993). Study on Cause of Fatigue Crack Occurring Sole Plate of Railway Bridge. In Proceedings of the 48 1 “ Annual Conference ofJSCE, I - 223, (in Japanese).
Sakamoto, K. et al (1990). Vibration Fatigue of Steel Bridges on the Bullet Train System, IABSE Workshop, Lausanne, 157–166.
Skaloud, M. (1967). The limiting state of thin-walled columns with regard to the interaction of the deformation of the column as a whole with the buckling of their plate elements. Acta Technica CSAV, No. 8.
Skaloud, M. (1978). General report on plate and box girders. Final Report Regional Colloquium of Steel Structures, Budapest
Tesar, A. (1977), Kovové konstrukcie a mosty, Moderné ocel’ové mosty, II. ast’ (in Slovak), ES SVST, Bratislava.
Thompson, J. M. T. and Hunt, G. W. (1973). A general theory of elastic stability,John
Wiley and Sons Ypey, E. (1972). New Developments in Dutch Steel Bridge Building. IABSE Congress, Amsterdam.
Wagner, H. (1922). Ebene Blechwandträger mit sehr dünnem Stegblech. Zeitschr. f Flugtechnik und Motorluftschiffart, 20.
Wolchuk R. and Ostapenko, A. (1992). A secondary Stresses in Closed Orthotropic Deck Ribs at Floor Beams. In ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, Volume 118, No. 2.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Wien
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Iványi, M. (2002). Refurbishment of Steel Bridges. In: Mazzolani, F.M., Iványi, M. (eds) Refurbishment of Buildings and Bridges. International Centre for Mechanical Sciences, vol 435. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2570-0_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-2570-0_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna
Print ISBN: 978-3-211-83690-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-2570-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive