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Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis

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Cryptosporidium: parasite and disease

Abstract

Cryptosporidium species are protozoan parasites that infect the epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract. In humans, infections occur primarily in the small intestine resulting in diarrheal illness. Cryptosporidium has a worldwide distribution and is considered an emerging zoonosis. Despite intensive efforts to develop workable experimental models, and the evaluation of nearly 1,000 chemotherapeutic agents, adequate therapies to clear the host of these parasites are still lacking. The reasons for the lack of drug efficacy are probably manifold and may include the unusual location of the parasite in the host cell, distinct structural and biochemical composition of drug targets, or its ability to either block import or rapidly efflux drug molecules. Understanding the basic mechanisms by which drugs are transported to the parasite and identifying unique targets are important steps in developing effective therapeutic agents.

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Acknowledgements

“The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Atlanta Veterans Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA

    Jan R. Mead

  2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne and Environmental Diseases, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop D66, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA

    Michael J. Arrowood

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  1. Jan R. Mead
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Correspondence to Jan R. Mead or Michael J. Arrowood .

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  1. Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy

    Simone M. Cacciò

  2. Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA

    Giovanni Widmer

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Mead, J.R., Arrowood, M.J. (2014). Treatment of Cryptosporidiosis. In: Cacciò, S., Widmer, G. (eds) Cryptosporidium: parasite and disease. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1562-6_11

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