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Leishmaniasis in the Americas

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Neglected Tropical Diseases - Latin America and the Caribbean

Part of the book series: Neglected Tropical Diseases ((NTD))

Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by kinetoplastid protozoan parasites belonging to the Leishmania genus. Infection causes a wide diversity of clinical manifestations, ranging in severity from asymptomatic infections, self-healing cutaneous lesions (cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL)), mucocutaneous lesions (mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL)), diffuse leishmaniasis, and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) which can be lethal when untreated. Leishmania parasites are transmitted to vertebrate hosts through the bite of female sandflies of the genus Lutzomyia in the New World. We review here some of the key aspects of leishmaniasis in Latin America and highlight some of the specificities of the disease in the American continent. The diversity of vector and parasite species poses additional challenges compared to the situation in the Old World. Indeed, this diversity implies that most tools for disease surveillance and control, including diagnostics, vector control interventions, therapeutic treatments, and vaccines, need to be adapted to ensure their efficacy. Further research is thus needed to optimize leishmaniasis control and surveillance in the Americas.

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  1. Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Ave. Itzaes #490 x 59, 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico

    Julio Vladimir Cruz-Chan & Eric Dumonteil

  2. Vector Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA

    Jesus Valenzuela

  3. Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Eric Dumonteil

Authors
  1. Julio Vladimir Cruz-Chan
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  2. Jesus Valenzuela
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  3. Eric Dumonteil
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Correspondence to Eric Dumonteil .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, México D.F., Mexico

    Carlos Franco-Paredes

  2. Unidad de Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico

    José Ignacio Santos-Preciado

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© 2015 Springer-Verlag Wien

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Cruz-Chan, J.V., Valenzuela, J., Dumonteil, E. (2015). Leishmaniasis in the Americas. In: Franco-Paredes, C., Santos-Preciado, J. (eds) Neglected Tropical Diseases - Latin America and the Caribbean. Neglected Tropical Diseases. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1422-3_6

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