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Oxygen Perception in Plants

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Low-Oxygen Stress in Plants

Part of the book series: Plant Cell Monographs ((CELLMONO,volume 21))

Abstract

In aerobic organisms oxygen is a rate-limiting substrate for the efficient production of energy, and therefore they need to adjust their metabolism to the availability of oxygen. For this reason, eukaryotes and prokaryotes independently developed mechanisms to perceive oxygen availability and integrate this into developmental and growth programs. Despite their ability to produce oxygen in the presence of light, plants can experience low oxygen conditions when the oxygen diffusion from the environment cannot satisfy the demand set by metabolic rates. The oxygen-sensing mechanism recently identified in plants shares striking similarities with those previously described in animal cells. While in bacteria the different oxygen-sensing pathways reported involve protein dimerization and phosphorylation cascades, in plants and animals this function is mediated by oxygen-dependent proteolysis. The plant oxygen-sensing pathway is regulated via the oxygen-dependent branch of the N-end rule, which regulates the stability of the group VII of the Ethylene Response Factors, key activators of the anaerobic response. Additionally, constitutively expressed ERF-VII proteins, such as RAP2.12, are bound to the acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) at the plasma membrane and protected from aerobic degradation. In hypoxia, RAP2.12 is released from the membrane and relocalizes into the nucleus, where it activates the molecular response to oxygen deficiency. Additional factors, indirectly affected by oxygen availability, have also been suggested to play roles in the fine tuning of oxygen sensing in plants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Muehlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany

    Monika Kosmacz & Daan A. Weits

  2. PlantLab, Institute of Life Science, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Piazza Martiri della Liberta 33, 56127, Pisa, Italy

    Daan A. Weits

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  1. Monika Kosmacz
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Correspondence to Monika Kosmacz .

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  1. RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Joost T. van Dongen

  2. Scuola Superiore Sant´Anna, Pisa, Italy

    Francesco Licausi

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Kosmacz, M., Weits, D.A. (2014). Oxygen Perception in Plants. In: van Dongen, J., Licausi, F. (eds) Low-Oxygen Stress in Plants. Plant Cell Monographs, vol 21. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1254-0_1

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