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Apoptotic Mechanisms for Neuronal Cells in Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Conference paper
Part of the Acta Neurochirurgica Supplements book series (NEUROCHIRURGICA, volume 110/1)

Abstract

Objects: The major causes of death and disability in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) may be early brain injury (EBI) and cerebral vasospasm. Although cerebral vasospasm has been studied and treated by a lot of drugs, the outcome is not improved even if vasospasm is reversed. Based on these data, EBI is considered a primary target for future research, and apoptosis may be involved in EBI after experimental SAH.

Methods: We reviewed the published literature about the relationship between SAH induced EBI and apoptosis in PubMed.

Result: Most available information can be obtained from the endovascular filament perforation animal model. After onset of SAH, intracranial pressure is increased and then cerebral blood flow is reduced. Many factors are involved in the mechanism of apoptotic cell death in EBI after SAH. In the neuronal cells, both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis can occur. Some antiapoptotic drugs were studied and demonstrated a protective effect against EBI after SAH. However, apoptosis in EBI after SAH has been little studied and further studies will provide us more beneficial findings. Conclusions: The study of apoptosis in EBI after experimental SAH may give us new therapies for SAH.

Keywords

Apoptosis Cerebral blood flow Early brain injury Intracranial pressure Subarachnoid hemorrhage 
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Notes

Acknowledgments

This study was partially supported by grants (NS053407) from the National Institutes of Health to J.H.Z.

Conflict of interest statement We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

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© Springer-Verlag/Wien 2011

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of PhysiologyLoma Linda University School of MedicineLoma LindaUSA
  2. 2.Department of NeurosurgeryLoma Linda University School of MedicineLoma LindaUSA

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