Abstract
It has long been known that the hepatic clearance of drugs with high hepatic extraction ratios is largely determined by liver blood flow. Indeed, several such compounds, including bromosulphthalein and indocyanine green, were intensively investigated as indicators for measuring liver blood flow. Interest in this type of compound has been rekindled with the introduction of several therapeutic agents which are also avidly extracted by the liver, notable examples being lidocaine and propranolol. In addition to their elimination being effected by liver blood flow, it is now recognised that highly extracted drugs must undergo significant presystemic (or first pass) metabolism during their passage from the gut to the systemic circulation as a result of the anatomic arrangement of the hepatic portal circulation, even when gastrointestinal absorption is complete [11].
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Woodcock, B.G., Vöhringer, H.F. (1980). Evaluation of the clinical significance of the first-pass effect of verapamil in patients. In: Rietbrock, N., Woodcock, B.G., Neuhaus, G. (eds) Methods in Clinical Pharmacology. Methods in clinical pharmacology, vol 1. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14027-6_31
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-14027-6_31
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