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Einführung in die Wissensrepräsentation pp 79–158Cite as

Semantische Netze

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Zusammenfassung

Netzartige Repräsentationsformate, die man unter dem Begriff semantische Netze zusammenfaßt, gehen zurück auf Modelle menschlichen Gedächtnisses der Kognitionspsychologie (ein detaillierter historischer Abriß findet sich in Kap.3.6). Diesen Modellen liegt aufgrund experimenteller Untersuchungen die Annahme zugrunde, daß Konzepte, die semantisch miteinander in Beziehung stehen, durch Strukturen repräsentiert sind, die in einer geeigneten Art und Weise (die in den Modellen nicht näher festgelegt zu werden braucht) miteinander verbunden sind. Diese Verbindungen, die man sich formal als zweistellige Relationen vorstellen kann, heißen assoziative Beziehungen. Modelle menschlichen Gedächtnisses, die assoziative Beziehungen vorsehen, heißen Assoziationsmodelle. Wird eine Konzeptrepräsentation durch einen Erinnerungsvorgang aktiviert, dann sehen solche Assoziationsmodelle die Ausbreitung der Aktivierung über alle Verbindungen, die von der betroffenen Konzeptrepräsentation ausgehen, vor. Dadurch erhalten alle Konzepte, die mit dem primär angesprochenen Konzept in einer assoziativen Beziehung stehen, eine Aktivierungserhöhung und rücken damit näher an die Erinnerungsschwelle oder überschreiten sie.

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    Dr. rer. soc. Ulrich Reimer

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© 1991 B. G. Teubner Stuttgart

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Reimer, U. (1991). Semantische Netze. In: Einführung in die Wissensrepräsentation. Leitfäden der angewandten Informatik. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-05970-7_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-05970-7_3

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