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Engineering Digital Twins and Digital Shadows as Key Enablers for Industry 4.0

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Digital Transformation

Abstract

Industry 4.0 opens up new potentials for the automation and improvement of production processes, but the associated digitization also increases the complexity of this development. Monitoring and maintenance activities in production processes still require high manual effort and are only partially automated due to immature data aggregation and analysis, resulting in expensive downtimes, inefficient use of machines, and too much production of waste. To maintain control over the growing complexity and to provide insight into the production, concepts such as Digital Twins, Digital Shadows, and model-based systems engineering for Industry 4.0 emerge. Digital Shadows consist of data traces of an observed Cyber-Physical Production System. Digital Twins operate on Digital Shadows to enable novel analysis, monitoring, and optimization. We present a general overview of the concepts of Digital Twins, Digital Shadows, their usage and realization in Data Lakes, their development based on engineering models, and corresponding engineering challenges. This provides a foundation for implementing Digital Twins, which constitute a main driver for future innovations in Industry 4.0 digitization.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Internet of Production: https://iop.rwth-aachen.de.

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Acknowledgements

Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy—EXC-2023 Internet of Production—390621612

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Information Systems and Databases, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Stefan Braun & Matthias Jarke

  2. Software Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Manuela Dalibor, Nico Jansen & Bernhard Rumpe

  3. Process and Data Science, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    István Koren

  4. Information Systems and Data Science, Hochschule Niederrhein, Krefeld, Germany

    Christoph Quix

  5. Business Informatics – SW Engineering, JKU Linz, Linz, Austria

    Manuel Wimmer

  6. Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany

    Andreas Wortmann

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  1. Technische Universität München, Garching b. München, Bayern, Germany

    Birgit Vogel-Heuser

  2. Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Oberösterreich, Austria

    Manuel Wimmer

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Braun, S. et al. (2023). Engineering Digital Twins and Digital Shadows as Key Enablers for Industry 4.0. In: Vogel-Heuser, B., Wimmer, M. (eds) Digital Transformation. Springer Vieweg, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65004-2_1

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